Kernrechtsfrage
Whether Salome Zimmermann and Daniel Riedo had to recuse themselves due to prior participation in a related VAT judgment
Extrahierter Entscheid
No. Prior participation in an earlier case involving similar facts and legal questions, without more, does not create an appearance of bias.
Extrahierte Begründung
Article 34(2) BGG excludes recusal based solely on prior involvement in a previous proceeding. The earlier case did not involve the same party, and the present matter was not predetermined; judges are expected to assess slightly different facts objectively.