Kernrechtsfrage
Whether the MAS in Philosophy and Management costs were deductible as professional training expenses for direct federal tax 2009.
Extrahierter Entscheid
The costs were not deductible because the program lacked a sufficient connection to the taxpayer's current learned and exercised profession and amounted to non-deductible further education/upgrading costs.
Extrahierte Begründung
Only expenses objectively linked to the current profession and within normal business practice are deductible. This general philosophical and management program went beyond mere updating or deepening of existing skills and was not in the usual course for a planner working in consultation, planning, training, and public relations.