United States of America v. Lawrence L. Whited

NOT RECOMMENDED FOR PUBLICATION
File Name: 21a0063n.06
No. 20-4002
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE SIXTH CIRCUIT
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,
Plaintiff-Appellee,
v.
LAWRENCE L. WHITED,
Defendant-Appellant.
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ON APPEAL FROM THE UNITED
STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR
THE NORTHERN DISTRICT OF
OHIO
BEFORE: CLAY, McKEAGUE, and MURPHY, Circuit Judges.
MURPHY, Circuit Judge. After contracting COVID-19, Lawrence Whited moved for
compassionate release from his significant prison sentence. See 18 U.S.C. § 3582(c)(1)(A). The
district court denied his motion on the ground that Whited remained a danger to the community.
But its reasoning is now outdated in light of our recent caselaw interpreting the compassionate-
release statute. See United States v. Elias, 984 F.3d 516, 519 (6th Cir. 2021); United States v.
Jones, 980 F.3d 1098, 1108 (6th Cir. 2020). We thus vacate the court’s decision and remand so
that it can reassess Whited’s motion under the current standards.
In 2018, Whited pleaded guilty to conspiring to distribute cocaine in violation of 21 U.S.C.
§§ 841 and 846, and to possessing a firearm in furtherance of a drug-trafficking crime in violation
of 18 U.S.C. § 924(c). The district court sentenced Whited to 106 months in prison.

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About a year and a half later, Whited filed two motions for compassionate release. He
noted that he had contracted COVID-19, described his other health problems, and asserted that he
had been an upstanding inmate. The district court denied his motions in a short order:
“Defendant’s Motions for Compassionate Release are DENIED for failure to demonstrate that he
is not a danger to the community given the nature of his conviction of drug trafficking with a
firearm.” We review this decision for an abuse of discretion, which occurs when the court commits
a legal error. United States v. Ruffin, 978 F.3d 1000, 1005 (6th Cir. 2020).
A district court may grant a defendant’s compassionate-release motion if the relief is
supported by “extraordinary and compelling reasons,” “is consistent with applicable policy
statements issued by the Sentencing Commission,” and is justified under the sentencing factors in
18 U.S.C. § 3553(a). 18 U.S.C. § 3582(c)(1)(A); Ruffin, 978 F.3d at 1004–05. The Sentencing
Commission’s only policy statement about compassionate release adds an additional requirement:
that the defendant not be “a danger to the safety of any other person or to the community, as
provided in 18 U.S.C. § 3142(g).” U.S.S.G. § 1B1.13(2).
Here, the district court denied relief on the sole ground that Whited failed to prove that he
was not a danger to the community, so its decision appears to rest exclusively on § 1B1.13(2).
After the court’s decision, however, we held that this policy statement is not “applicable” to
defendant-filed motions within the meaning of § 3582(c)(1)(A) because the policy statement
indicates that it applies only to compassionate-release motions filed by the Director of the Bureau
of Prisons. Elias, 984 F.3d at 519; Jones, 980 F.3d at 1108–11. The district court’s denial thus
appears to be “based on a purely legal mistake”: that Whited needed to meet § 1B1.13’s
requirements. Ruffin, 978 F.3d at 1005 (citation omitted). Jones and Elias now make clear that
Whited did not need to do so.

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That Whited need not satisfy § 1B1.13 does not, of course, mean that he is entitled to
compassionate release. He still must establish that extraordinary and compelling circumstances
exist and that the sentencing factors in § 3553(a) otherwise justify relief. See Elias, 984 F.3d at
519. The district court should be given the initial opportunity to consider whether Whited can
meet these separate compassionate-release requirements. Cf. United States v. Hampton, __ F.3d
__, 2021 WL 164831, at *3 (6th Cir. Jan. 19, 2021). We thus vacate its order denying Whited’s
motion and remand for proceedings consistent with our current precedent.

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