United States of America v. Seneca Loyal Neal

NOT FOR PUBLICATION
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,
Plaintiff-Appellee,
v.
SENECA LOYAL NEAL,
Defendant-Appellant.
No. 21-35452
D.C. Nos. 4:19-cv-00021-RRB
4:14-cr-00027-RRB-1
MEMORANDUM*
Appeal from the United States District Court
for the District of Alaska
Ralph R. Beistline, District Judge, Presiding
Submitted June 8, 2022**
Anchorage, Alaska
Before: HURWITZ, BRESS, and H. THOMAS, Circuit Judges.
Seneca Neal was convicted of multiple offenses related to heroin trafficking.
He filed a 28 U.S.C. § 2255 motion, arguing that trial counsel was ineffective for
failing to use a recording of an encounter with the arresting officers in support of his
motions to suppress certain evidence. The district court found that Neal was not
* This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.
** The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision
without oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2).
FILED
JUN 14 2022
MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
U.S. COURT OF APPEALS

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prejudiced by any deficient performance. We affirm.
1. While executing a search warrant, police officers found heroin in Neal’s
apartment. Among other things, the application for that warrant contained an
officer’s observations, while the officer was in a common area in the apartment
building, that Neal was leaving the apartment for which the warrant was sought. The
district court found that the officer’s observation of Neal violated the Fourth
Amendment, but that probable cause for the warrant remained after excising that
tainted evidence. On direct appeal, we affirmed. United States v. Neal, 747 F. App’x
501 (9th Cir. 2018).
2. To prevail on a claim of ineffective assistance of counsel, a defendant must
show “there is a reasonable probability that, but for counsel’s unprofessional errors,
the result of the proceeding would have been different.” Strickland v. Washington,
466 U.S. 668, 694 (1984). Neal contends that, had trial counsel used a recording of
Neal’s encounter with the officers at the hearing on his suppression motions, it would
have shown that Neal’s phone was illegally searched and his statements connecting
him to the unit were also improperly obtained. The district court, however, correctly
held that there was no reasonable probability that introduction of the recording
would have changed the outcome of the suppression hearing. Even assuming the
cell phone was improperly searched and Neal’s statements were improperly
obtained, more than ample probable cause for the warrant remained, including

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statements from two witnesses that Neal was selling heroin, police observations of
Neal repeatedly arriving at and leaving the apartment building, and confirmation
from the property manager and tenants that Neal was the occupant of the searched
unit. The district court reasonably found that the officers would have questioned the
manager and tenants in any event, and the warrant application did not rely on
information from Neal’s phone. Accordingly, Neal was not prejudiced by any
deficient performance, and his ineffective assistance claim fails.
AFFIRMED.

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