Internal Revenue Bulletin 2023-9 (PDF rendition): IRS Revenue Rulings

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Bulletin No. 2023–9
February 27, 2023
HIGHLIGHTS
OF THIS ISSUE
These synopses are intended only as aids to the reader in
identifying the subject matter covered. They may not be
relied upon as authoritative interpretations.
ADMINISTRATIVE
Announcement 2023-5, page 499.
The Office of Professional Responsibility (OPR) announces
recent disciplinary sanctions involving attorneys, certified
public accountants, enrolled agents, enrolled actuaries,
enrolled retirement plan agents, and appraisers. These in-
dividuals are subject to the regulations governing practice
before the Internal Revenue Service (IRS), which are set out
in Title 31, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 10, and which
are published in pamphlet form as Treasury Department
Circular No. 230. The regulations prescribe the duties and
restrictions relating to such practice and prescribe the dis-
ciplinary sanctions for violating the regulations.
Rev. Rul. 2023-4, page 480.
Interest rates: underpayments and overpayments. The
rates for interest determined under Section 6621 of the
code for the calendar quarter beginning April 1, 2023, will
be 7 percent for overpayments (6 percent in the case of a
corporation), 7 percent for underpayments, and 9 percent
for large corporate underpayments. The rate of interest
paid on the portion of a corporate overpayment exceeding
$10,000 will be 4.5 percent.
EMPLOYEE PLANS
Announcement 2023-6, page 501.
This announcement notifies the public that the IRS intends
to issue opinion letters on February 28, 2023, or, in some
cases, as soon as possible thereafter, for pre-approved de-
fined benefit plans that were updated for changes in plan
qualification requirements listed in Notice 2020-14 and that
were filed with the IRS during the third six-year remedial
amendment cycle for pre-approved defined benefit plans.
This announcement also notifies the public of the date by
which an adopting employer intending to maintain a pre-ap-
proved defined benefit plan for the third six-year cycle must
adopt a newly approved plan, and announces the beginning
and ending dates of the period during which an adopting
employer may file for an individual determination letter un-
der the third six-year remedial amendment cycle.
Finding Lists begin on page ii.

The IRS Mission
Provide America’s taxpayers top-quality service by helping
them understand and meet their tax responsibilities and en-
force the law with integrity and fairness to all.
Introduction
The Internal Revenue Bulletin is the authoritative instrument
of the Commissioner of Internal Revenue for announcing of-
ficial rulings and procedures of the Internal Revenue Service
and for publishing Treasury Decisions, Executive Orders, Tax
Conventions, legislation, court decisions, and other items of
general interest. It is published weekly.
It is the policy of the Service to publish in the Bulletin all sub-
stantive rulings necessary to promote a uniform application
of the tax laws, including all rulings that supersede, revoke,
modify, or amend any of those previously published in the
Bulletin. All published rulings apply retroactively unless other-
wise indicated. Procedures relating solely to matters of inter-
nal management are not published; however, statements of
internal practices and procedures that affect the rights and
duties of taxpayers are published.
Revenue rulings represent the conclusions of the Service
on the application of the law to the pivotal facts stated in
the revenue ruling. In those based on positions taken in rul-
ings to taxpayers or technical advice to Service field offices,
identifying details and information of a confidential nature are
deleted to prevent unwarranted invasions of privacy and to
comply with statutory requirements.
Rulings and procedures reported in the Bulletin do not have the
force and effect of Treasury Department Regulations, but they
may be used as precedents. Unpublished rulings will not be
relied on, used, or cited as precedents by Service personnel in
the disposition of other cases. In applying published rulings and
procedures, the effect of subsequent legislation, regulations,
court decisions, rulings, and procedures must be considered,
and Service personnel and others concerned are cautioned
against reaching the same conclusions in other cases unless
the facts and circumstances are substantially the same.
The Bulletin is divided into four parts as follows:
Part I.—1986 Code.
This part includes rulings and decisions based on provisions
of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986.
Part II.—Treaties and Tax Legislation.
This part is divided into two subparts as follows: Subpart A,
Tax Conventions and Other Related Items, and Subpart B,
Legislation and Related Committee Reports.
Part III.—Administrative, Procedural, and Miscellaneous.
To the extent practicable, pertinent cross references to these
subjects are contained in the other Parts and Subparts. Also
included in this part are Bank Secrecy Act Administrative
Rulings. Bank Secrecy Act Administrative Rulings are issued
by the Department of the Treasury’s Office of the Assistant
Secretary (Enforcement).
Part IV.—Items of General Interest.
This part includes notices of proposed rulemakings, disbar-
ment and suspension lists, and announcements.
The last Bulletin for each month includes a cumulative index
for the matters published during the preceding months. These
monthly indexes are cumulated on a semiannual basis, and are
published in the last Bulletin of each semiannual period.
The contents of this publication are not copyrighted and may be reprinted freely. A citation of the Internal Revenue Bulletin as the source would be appropriate.
February 27, 2023 Bulletin No. 2023–9

Part I
Section 6621.—
Determination of Rate of
Interest
26 CFR 301.6621-1: Interest rate.
Rev. Rul. 2023-4
Section 6621 of the Internal Revenue
Code establishes the interest rates on over-
payments and underpayments of tax. Under
section 6621(a)(1), the overpayment rate is
the sum of the federal short-term rate plus
3 percentage points (2 percentage points in
the case of a corporation), except the rate
for the portion of a corporate overpayment
of tax exceeding $10,000 for a taxable peri-
od is the sum of the federal short-term rate
plus 0.5 of a percentage point. Under sec-
tion 6621(a)(2), the underpayment rate is
the sum of the federal short-term rate plus
3 percentage points.
Section 6621(c) provides that for pur-
poses of interest payable under section
6601 on any large corporate underpay-
ment, the underpayment rate under section
6621(a)(2) is determined by substituting
“5 percentage points” for “3 percentage
points.” See section 6621(c) and section
301.6621-3 of the Regulations on Proce-
dure and Administration for the definition
of a large corporate underpayment and
for the rules for determining the appli-
cable date. Section 6621(c) and section
301.6621-3 are generally effective for pe-
riods after December 31, 1990.
Section 6621(b)(1) provides that the
Secretary will determine the federal short-
term rate for the first month in each calen-
dar quarter. Section 6621(b)(2)(A) provides
that the federal short-term rate determined
under section 6621(b)(1) for any month
applies during the first calendar quarter be-
ginning after that month. Section 6621(b)
(3) provides that the federal short-term rate
for any month is the federal short-term rate
determined during that month by the Sec-
retary in accordance with section 1274(d),
rounded to the nearest full percent (or, if a
multiple of 1/2 of 1 percent, the rate is in-
creased to the next highest full percent).
Notice 88-59, 1988-1 C.B. 546, an-
nounced that in determining the quarterly
interest rates to be used for overpayments
and underpayments of tax under section
6621, the Internal Revenue Service will
use the federal short-term rate based on
daily compounding because that rate is
most consistent with section 6621 which,
pursuant to section 6622, is subject to dai-
ly compounding.
The federal short-term rate determined
in accordance with section 1274(d) during
January 2023 is the rate published in Rev-
enue Ruling 2023-3, 2023-6 IRB 448, to
take effect beginning February 1, 2023.
The federal short-term rate, rounded to the
nearest full percent, based on daily com-
pounding determined during the month of
January 2023 is 4 percent. Accordingly, an
overpayment rate of 7 percent (6 percent
in the case of a corporation) and an under-
payment rate of 7 percent are established
for the calendar quarter beginning April 1,
2023. The overpayment rate for the por-
tion of a corporate overpayment exceed-
ing $10,000 for the calendar quarter be-
ginning April 1, 2023, is 4.5 percent. The
underpayment rate for large corporate un-
derpayments for the calendar quarter be-
ginning April 1, 2023, is 9 percent. These
rates apply to amounts bearing interest
during that calendar quarter.
Sections 6654(a)(1) and 6655(a)(1)
provide that the underpayment rate estab-
lished under section 6621 applies in deter-
mining the addition to tax under sections
6654 and 6655 for failure to pay estimat-
ed tax for any taxable year. Thus, the 7
percent rate also applies to estimated tax
underpayments for the second calendar
quarter beginning April 1, 2023. Pursuant
to section 6621(b)(2)(B), in determining
the addition to tax under section 6654 for
any taxable year for an individual, the
federal short-term rate that applies during
the third month following the taxable
year also applies during the first 15 days
of the fourth month following the taxable
year. See Rev. Rul. 2022-23, 2022-51 IRB
532 (7 percent rate for the first quarter of
2023). In addition, pursuant to section
6603(d)(4), the rate of interest on section
6603 deposits is 4 percent for the second
calendar quarter in 2023.
Interest factors for daily compound
interest for annual rates of 4.5 percent, 6
percent, 7 percent and 9 percent are pub-
lished in Tables 14, 17, 19 and 23 of Rev.
Proc. 95-17, 1995-1 C.B. 568, 571, 573,
and 577.
Annual interest rates to be compound-
ed daily pursuant to section 6622 that ap-
ply for prior periods are set forth in the
tables accompanying this revenue ruling.
DRAFTING INFORMATION
The principal author of this revenue
ruling is Casey R. Conrad of the Office of
the Associate Chief Counsel (Procedure
and Administration). For further informa-
tion regarding this revenue ruling, contact
Mr. Conrad at (202) 317-6844 (not a toll-
free number).
February 27, 2023 480 Bulletin No. 2023–9

APPENDIX A
365 Day Year
0.5% Compound Rate 184 Days
DaysFactorDaysFactorDaysFactor
10.000013699630.0008633801250.001713784
20.000027397640.0008770911260.001727506
30.000041096650.0008908011270.001741228
40.000054796660.0009045121280.001754951
50.000068495670.0009182231290.001768673
60.000082195680.0009319341300.001782396
70.000095894690.0009456461310.001796119
80.000109594700.0009593571320.001809843
90.000123294710.0009730691330.001823566
100.000136995720.0009867811340.001837290
110.000150695730.0010004931350.001851013
120.000164396740.0010142061360.001864737
130.000178097750.0010279181370.001878462
140.000191798760.0010416311380.001892186
150.000205499770.0010553441390.001905910
160.000219201780.0010690571400.001919635
170.000232902790.0010827701410.001933360
180.000246604800.0010964841420.001947085
190.000260306810.0011101971430.001960811
200.000274008820.0011239111440.001974536
210.000287711830.0011376251450.001988262
220.000301413840.0011513391460.002001988
230.000315116850.0011650541470.002015714
240.000328819860.0011787681480.002029440
250.000342522870.0011924831490.002043166
260.000356225880.0012061981500.002056893
270.000369929890.0012199131510.002070620
280.000383633900.0012336291520.002084347
290.000397336910.0012473441530.002098074
300.000411041920.0012610601540.002111801
310.000424745930.0012747761550.002125529
320.000438449940.0012884921560.002139257
330.000452154950.0013022081570.002152985
340.000465859960.0013159251580.002166713
350.000479564970.0013296411590.002180441
360.000493269980.0013433581600.002194169
370.000506974990.0013570751610.002207898
380.0005206801000.0013707921620.002221627
390.0005343861010.0013845101630.002235356
400.0005480921020.0013982271640.002249085
410.0005617981030.0014119451650.002262815
Bulletin No. 2023–9 481 February 27, 2023

February 27, 2023 482 Bulletin No. 2023–9
420.0005755041040.0014256631660.002276544
430.0005892111050.0014393811670.002290274
440.0006029171060.0014531001680.002304004
450.0006166241070.0014668181690.002317734
460.0006303311080.0014805371700.002331465
470.0006440391090.0014942561710.002345195
480.0006577461100.0015079751720.002358926
490.0006714541110.0015216941730.002372657
500.0006851611120.0015354141740.002386388
510.0006988691130.0015491331750.002400120
520.0007125781140.0015628531760.002413851
530.0007262861150.0015765731770.002427583
540.0007399951160.0015902931780.002441315
550.0007537031170.0016040141790.002455047
560.0007674121180.0016177341800.002468779
570.0007811211190.0016314551810.002482511
580.0007948311200.0016451761820.002496244
590.0008085401210.0016588971830.002509977
600.0008222501220.0016726191840.002523710
610.0008359601230.001686340
620.0008496701240.001700062

Bulletin No. 2023–9 483 February 27, 2023
366 Day Year
0.5% Compound Rate 184 Days
DaysFactorDaysFactorDaysFactor
10.000013661630.0008610201250.001709097
20.000027323640.0008746931260.001722782
30.000040984650.0008883661270.001736467
40.000054646660.0009020401280.001750152
50.000068308670.0009157131290.001763837
60.000081970680.0009293871300.001777522
70.000095632690.0009430611310.001791208
80.000109295700.0009567351320.001804893
90.000122958710.0009704091330.001818579
100.000136620720.0009840841340.001832265
110.000150283730.0009977581350.001845951
120.000163947740.0010114331360.001859638
130.000177610750.0010251081370.001873324
140.000191274760.0010387831380.001887011
150.000204938770.0010524591390.001900698
160.000218602780.0010661341400.001914385
170.000232266790.0010798101410.001928073
180.000245930800.0010934861420.001941760
190.000259595810.0011071621430.001955448
200.000273260820.0011208391440.001969136
210.000286924830.0011345151450.001982824
220.000300590840.0011481921460.001996512
230.000314255850.0011618691470.002010201
240.000327920860.0011755461480.002023889
250.000341586870.0011892231490.002037578
260.000355252880.0012029001500.002051267
270.000368918890.0012165781510.002064957
280.000382584900.0012302561520.002078646
290.000396251910.0012439341530.002092336
300.000409917920.0012576121540.002106025
310.000423584930.0012712911550.002119715
320.000437251940.0012849691560.002133405
330.000450918950.0012986481570.002147096
340.000464586960.0013123271580.002160786
350.000478253970.0013260061590.002174477
360.000491921980.0013396851600.002188168
370.000505589990.0013533651610.002201859
380.0005192571000.0013670441620.002215550
390.0005329251010.0013807241630.002229242
400.0005465941020.0013944041640.002242933
410.0005602621030.0014080851650.002256625
420.0005739311040.0014217651660.002270317

February 27, 2023 484 Bulletin No. 2023–9
430.0005876001050.0014354461670.002284010
440.0006012691060.0014491271680.002297702
450.0006149391070.0014628081690.002311395
460.0006286081080.0014764891700.002325087
470.0006422781090.0014901701710.002338780
480.0006559481100.0015038521720.002352473
490.0006696181110.0015175331730.002366167
500.0006832891120.0015312151740.002379860
510.0006969591130.0015448971750.002393554
520.0007106301140.0015585801760.002407248
530.0007243011150.0015722621770.002420942
540.0007379721160.0015859451780.002434636
550.0007516431170.0015996281790.002448331
560.0007653151180.0016133111800.002462025
570.0007789861190.0016269941810.002475720
580.0007926581200.0016406781820.002489415
590.0008063301210.0016543611830.002503110
600.0008200031220.0016680451840.002516806
610.0008336751230.001681729
620.0008473481240.001695413

Bulletin No. 2023–9 485 February 27, 2023
TABLE OF INTEREST RATES
PERIODS BEFORE JUL. 1, 1975 - PERIODS ENDING DEC. 31, 1986
OVERPAYMENTS AND UNDERPAYMENTS
PERIODRATEIn 1995-1 C.B.
DAILY RATE TABLE
Before Jul. 1, 19756%Table2,pg.557
Jul. 1, 1975–Jan. 31, 19769%Table4,pg.559
Feb. 1, 1976–Jan. 31, 19787%Table3,pg.558
Feb. 1, 1978–Jan. 31, 19806%Table2,pg.557
Feb. 1, 1980–Jan. 31, 198212%Table5,pg.560
Feb. 1, 1982–Dec. 31, 198220%Table6,pg.560
Jan. 1, 1983–Jun. 30, 198316%Table37,pg.591
Jul. 1, 1983–Dec. 31, 198311%Table27,pg.581
Jan. 1, 1984–Jun. 30, 198411%Table75,pg.629
Jul. 1, 1984–Dec. 31, 198411%Table75,pg.629
Jan. 1, 1985–Dec. 31, 198513%Table31,pg.585
Jul. 1, 1985–Dec. 31, 198511%Table27,pg.581
Jan. 1, 1986–Jun. 30, 198610%Table25,pg.579
Jul. 1, 1986–Dec. 31, 19869%Table23,pg.577
TABLE OF INTEREST RATES
FROM JAN. 1, 1987 – Dec. 31, 1998
OVERPAYMENTSUNDERPAYMENTS
1995-1 C.B.1995-1 C.B. RATE
RATETABLEPGRATETABLEPG
Jan. 1, 1987–Mar. 31, 19878%215759%23577
Apr. 1, 1987–Jun. 30, 19878%215759%23577
Jul. 1, 1987–Sep. 30, 19878%215759%23577
Oct. 1, 1987–Dec. 31, 19879%2357710%25579
Jan. 1, 1988–Mar. 31, 198810%7362711%75629
Apr. 1, 1988–Jun. 30, 19889%7162510%73627
Jul. 1, 1988–Sep. 30, 19889%7162510%73627
Oct. 1, 1988–Dec. 31, 198810%7362711%75629
Jan. 1, 1989–Mar. 31, 198910%2557911%27581
Apr. 1, 1989–Jun. 30, 198911%2758112%29583
Jul. 1, 1989–Sep. 30, 198911%2758112%29583
Oct. 1, 1989–Dec. 31, 198910%2557911%27581
Jan. 1, 1990–Mar. 31, 199010%2557911%27581
Apr. 1, 1990–Jun. 30, 199010%2557911%27581
Jul. 1, 1990–Sep. 30, 199010%2557911%27581
Oct. 1, 1990–Dec. 31, 199010%2557911%27581
Jan. 1, 1991–Mar. 31, 199110%2557911%27581

February 27, 2023 486 Bulletin No. 2023–9
Apr. 1, 1991–Jun. 30, 19919%2357710%25579
Jul. 1, 1991–Sep. 30, 19919%2357710%25579
Oct. 1, 1991–Dec. 31, 19919%2357710%25579
Jan. 1, 1992–Mar. 31, 19928%696239%71625
Apr. 1, 1992–Jun. 30, 19927%676218%69623
Jul. 1, 1992–Sep. 30, 19927%676218%69623
Oct. 1, 1992–Dec. 31, 19926%656197%67621
Jan. 1, 1993–Mar. 31, 19936%175717%19573
Apr. 1, 1993–Jun. 30, 19936%175717%19573
Jul. 1, 1993–Sep. 30, 19936%175717%19573
Oct. 1, 1993–Dec. 31, 19936%175717%19573
Jan. 1, 1994–Mar. 31, 19946%175717%19573
Apr. 1, 1994–Jun. 30, 19946%175717%19573
Jul. 1, 1994–Sep. 30, 19947%195738%21575
Oct. 1, 1994–Dec. 31, 19948%215759%23577
Jan. 1, 1995–Mar. 31, 19958%215759%23577
Apr. 1, 1995–Jun. 30, 19959%2357710%25579
Jul. 1, 1995–Sep. 30, 19958%215759%23577
Oct. 1, 1995–Dec. 31, 19958%215759%23577
Jan. 1, 1996–Mar. 31, 19968%696239%71625
Apr. 1, 1996–Jun. 30, 19967%676218%69623
Jul. 1, 1996–Sep. 30, 19968%696239%71625
Oct. 1, 1996–Dec. 31, 19968%696239%71625
Jan. 1, 1997–Mar. 31, 19978%215759%23577
Apr. 1, 1997–Jun. 30, 19978%215759%23577
Jul. 1, 1997–Sep. 30, 19978%215759%23577
Oct. 1, 1997–Dec. 31, 19978%215759%23577
Jan. 1, 1998–Mar. 31, 19988%215759%23577
Apr. 1, 1998–Jun. 30, 19987%195738%21575
Jul. 1, 1998–Sep. 30, 19987%195738%21575
Oct. 1, 1998–Dec. 31, 19987%195738%21575

Bulletin No. 2023–9 487 February 27, 2023
TABLE OF INTEREST RATES
FROM JANUARY 1, 1999 - PRESENT
NONCORPORATE OVERPAYMENTS AND UNDERPAYMENTS
1995-1 C.B.
RATETABLEPAGE
Jan. 1, 1999–Mar. 31, 19997%19573
Apr. 1, 1999–Jun. 30, 19998%21575
Jul. 1, 1999–Sep. 30, 19998%21575
Oct. 1, 1999–Dec. 31, 19998%21575
Jan. 1, 2000–Mar. 31, 20008%69623
Apr. 1, 2000–Jun. 30, 20009%71625
Jul. 1, 2000–Sep. 30, 20009%71625
Oct. 1, 2000–Dec. 31, 20009%71625
Jan. 1, 2001–Mar. 31, 20019%23577
Apr. 1, 2001–Jun. 30, 20018%21575
Jul. 1, 2001–Sep. 30, 20017%19573
Oct. 1, 2001–Dec. 31, 20017%19573
Jan. 1, 2002–Mar. 31, 20026%17571
Apr. 1, 2002–Jun. 30, 20026%17571
Jul. 1, 2002–Sep. 30, 20026%17571
Oct. 1, 2002–Dec. 31, 20026%17571
Jan. 1, 2003–Mar. 31, 20035%15569
Apr. 1, 2003–Jun. 30, 20035%15569
Jul. 1, 2003–Sep. 30, 20035%15569
Oct. 1, 2003–Dec. 31, 20034%13567
Jan. 1, 2004–Mar. 31, 20044%61615
Apr. 1, 2004–Jun. 30, 20045%63617
Jul. 1, 2004–Sep. 30, 20044%61615
Oct. 1, 2004–Dec. 31, 20045%63617
Jan. 1, 2005–Mar. 31, 20055%15569
Apr. 1, 2005–Jun. 30, 20056%17571
Jul. 1, 2005–Sep. 30, 20056%17571
Oct. 1, 2005–Dec. 31, 20057%19573
Jan. 1, 2006–Mar. 31, 20067%19573
Apr. 1, 2006–Jun. 30, 20067%19573
Jul. 1, 2006–Sep. 30, 20068%21575
Oct. 1, 2006–Dec. 31, 20068%21575
Jan. 1, 2007–Mar. 31, 20078%21575
Apr. 1, 2007–Jun. 30, 20078%21575
Jul. 1, 2007–Sep. 30, 20078%21575
Oct. 1, 2007–Dec. 31, 20078%21575
Jan. 1, 2008–Mar. 31, 20087%67621
Apr. 1, 2008–Jun. 30, 20086%65619
Jul. 1, 2008–Sep. 30, 20085%63617
Oct. 1, 2008–Dec. 31, 20086%65619

February 27, 2023 488 Bulletin No. 2023–9
Jan. 1, 2009–Mar. 31, 20095%15569
Apr. 1, 2009–Jun. 30, 20094%13567
Jul. 1, 2009–Sep. 30, 20094%13567
Oct. 1, 2009–Dec. 31, 20094%13567
Jan. 1, 2010–Mar. 31, 20104%13567
Apr. 1, 2010–Jun. 30, 20104%13567
Jul. 1, 2010–Sep. 30, 20104%13567
Oct. 1, 2010–Dec. 31, 20104%13567
Jan. 1, 2011–Mar. 31, 20113%11565
Apr. 1, 2011–Jun. 30, 20114%13567
Jul. 1, 2011–Sep. 30, 20114%13567
Oct. 1, 2011–Dec. 31, 20113%11565
Jan. 1, 2012–Mar. 31, 20123%59613
Apr. 1, 2012–Jun. 30, 20123%59613
Jul. 1, 2012–Sep. 30, 20123%59613
Oct. 1, 2012–Dec. 31, 20123%59613
Jan. 1, 2013–Mar. 31, 20133%11565
Apr. 1, 2013–Jun. 30, 20133%11565
Jul. 1, 2013–Sep. 30, 20133%11565
Oct. 1, 2013–Dec. 31, 20133%11565
Jan. 1, 2014–Mar. 31, 20143%11565
Apr. 1, 2014–Jun. 30, 20143%11565
Jul. 1, 2014–Sep. 30, 20143%11565
Oct. 1, 2014–Dec. 31, 20143%11565
Jan. 1, 2015–Mar. 31, 20153%11565
Apr. 1, 2015–Jun. 30, 20153%11565
Jul. 1, 2015–Sep. 30, 20153%11565
Oct. 1, 2015–Dec. 31, 20153%11565
Jan. 1, 2016–Mar. 31, 20163%59613
Apr. 1, 2016–Jun. 30, 20164%61615
Jul. 1, 2016–Sep. 30, 20164%61615
Oct. 1, 2016–Dec. 31, 20164%61615
Jan. 1, 2017–Mar. 31, 20174%13567
Apr. 1, 2017–Jun. 30, 20174%13567
Jul. 1, 2017–Sep. 30, 20174%13567
Oct. 1, 2017–Dec. 31, 20174%13567
Jan. 1, 2018–Mar. 31, 20184%13567
Apr. 1, 2018–Jun. 30, 20185%15569
Jul. 1, 2018–Sep. 30, 20185%15569
Oct. 1, 2018–Dec. 31, 20185%15569
Jan. 1, 2019–Mar. 31, 20196%17571
Apr. 1, 2019–Jun. 30, 20196%17571
Jul. 1, 2019–Sep. 30, 20195%15569
Oct. 1, 2019–Dec. 31, 20195%15569
Jan. 1, 2020–Mar. 31, 20205%63617

Bulletin No. 2023–9 489 February 27, 2023
Apr. 1, 2020–Jun. 30, 20205%63617
Jul. 1, 2020–Sep. 30, 20203%59613
Oct. 1, 2020–Dec. 31, 20203%59613
Jan. 1, 2021–Mar. 31, 20213%11565
Apr. 1, 2021–Jun. 30, 20213%11565
Jul. 1, 2021–Sep. 30, 20213%11565
Oct. 1, 2021–Dec. 31, 20213%11565
Jan. 1, 2022–Mar. 31, 20223%11565
Apr. 1, 2022–Jun. 30, 20224%13567
Jul. 1, 2022–Sep. 30, 20225%15569
Oct. 1, 2022–Dec. 31, 20226%17571
Jan. 1, 2023–Mar. 31, 20237%19573
Apr. 1, 2023–Jun. 30, 20237%19573

February 27, 2023 490 Bulletin No. 2023–9
TABLE OF INTEREST RATES
FROM JANUARY 1, 1999 - PRESENT
CORPORATE OVERPAYMENTS AND UNDERPAYMENTS
OVERPAYMENTSUNDERPAYMENTS
1995-1 C.B.1995-1 C.B.
RATETABLEPGRATETABLEPG
Jan. 1, 1999–Mar. 31, 19996%175717%19573
Apr. 1, 1999–Jun. 30, 19997%195738%21575
Jul. 1, 1999–Sep. 30, 19997%195738%21575
Oct. 1, 1999–Dec. 31, 19997%195738%21575
Jan. 1, 2000–Mar. 30, 20007%676218%69623
Apr. 1, 2000–Jun. 30, 20008%696239%71625
Jul. 1, 2000–Sep. 30, 20008%696239%71625
Oct. 1, 2000–Dec. 31, 20008%696239%71625
Jan. 1, 2001–Mar. 31, 20018%215759%23577
Apr. 1, 2001–Jun. 30, 20017%195738%21575
Jul. 1, 2001–Sep. 30, 20016%175717%19573
Oct. 1, 2001–Dec. 31, 20016%175717%19573
Jan. 1, 2002–Mar. 31, 20025%155696%17571
Apr. 1, 2002–Jun. 30, 20025%155696%17571
Jul. 1, 2002–Sep. 30, 20025%155696%17571
Oct. 1, 2002–Dec. 31, 20025%155696%17571
Jan. 1, 2003–Mar. 31, 20034%135675%15569
Apr. 1, 2003–Jun. 30, 20034%135675%15569
Jul. 1, 2003–Sep. 30, 20034%135675%15569
Oct. 1, 2003–Dec. 31, 20033%115654%13567
Jan. 1, 2004–Mar. 31, 20043%596134%61615
Apr. 1, 2004–Jun. 30, 20044%616155%63617
Jul. 1, 2004–Sep. 30, 20043%596134%61615
Oct. 1, 2004–Dec. 31, 20044%616155%63617
Jan. 1, 2005–Mar. 31, 20054%135675%15569
Apr. 1, 2005–Jun. 30, 20055%155696%17571
Jul. 1, 2005–Sep. 30, 20055%155696%17571
Oct. 1, 2005–Dec. 31, 20056%175717%19573
Jan. 1, 2006–Mar. 31, 20066%175717%19573
Apr. 1, 2006–Jun. 30, 20066%175717%19573
Jul. 1, 2006–Sep. 30, 20067%195738%21575
Oct. 1, 2006–Dec. 31, 20067%195738%21575
Jan. 1, 2007–Mar. 31, 20077%195738%21575
Apr. 1, 2007–Jun. 30, 20077%195738%21575
Jul. 1, 2007–Sep. 30, 20077%195738%21575
Oct. 1, 2007–Dec. 31, 20077%195738%21575
Jan. 1, 2008–Mar. 31, 20086%656197%67621
Apr. 1, 2008–Jun. 30, 20085%636176%65619
Jul. 1, 2008–Sep. 30, 20084%616155%63617
Oct. 1, 2008–Dec. 31, 20085%636176%65619

Bulletin No. 2023–9 491 February 27, 2023
Jan. 1, 2009–Mar. 31, 20094%135675%15569
Apr. 1, 2009–Jun. 30, 20093%115654%13567
Jul. 1, 2009–Sep. 30, 20093%115654%13567
Oct. 1, 2009–Dec. 31, 20093%115654%13567
Jan. 1, 2010–Mar. 31, 20103%115654%13567
Apr. 1, 2010–Jun. 30, 20103%115654%13567
Jul. 1, 2010–Sep. 30, 20103%115654%13567
Oct. 1, 2010–Dec. 31, 20103%115654%13567
Jan. 1, 2011–Mar. 31, 20112%95633%11565
Apr. 1, 2011–Jun. 30, 20113%115654%13567
Jul. 1, 2011–Sep. 30, 20113%115654%13567
Oct. 1, 2011–Dec. 31, 20112%95633%11565
Jan. 1, 2012–Mar. 31, 20122%576113%59613
Apr. 1, 2012–Jun. 30, 20122%576113%59613
Jul. 1, 2012–Sep. 30, 20122%576113%59613
Oct. 1, 2012–Dec. 31, 20122%576113%59613
Jan. 1, 2013–Mar. 31, 20132%95633%11565
Apr. 1, 2013–Jun. 30, 20132%95633%11565
Jul. 1, 2013–Sep. 30, 20132%95633%11565
Oct. 1, 2013–Dec. 31, 20132%95633%11565
Jan. 1, 2014–Mar. 31, 20142%95633%11565
Apr. 1, 2014–Jun. 30, 20142%95633%11565
Jul. 1, 2014–Sep. 30, 20142%95633%11565
Oct. 1, 2014–Dec. 31, 20142%95633%11565
Jan. 1, 2015–Mar. 31, 20152%95633%11565
Apr. 1, 2015–Jun. 30, 20152%95633%11565
Jul. 1, 2015–Sep. 30, 20152%95633%11565
Oct. 1, 2015–Dec. 31, 20152%95633%11565
Jan. 1, 2016–Mar. 31, 20162%576113%59613
Apr. 1, 2016–Jun. 30, 20163%596134%61615
Jul. 1, 2016–Sep. 30, 20163%596134%61615
Oct. 1, 2016–Dec. 31, 20163%596134%61615
Jan. 1, 2017–Mar. 31, 20173%115654%13567
Apr. 1, 2017–Jun. 30, 20173%115654%13567
Jul. 1, 2017–Sep. 30, 20173%115654%13567
Oct. 1, 2017–Dec. 31, 20173%115654%13567
Jan. 1, 2018–Mar. 31, 20183%115654%13567
Apr. 1, 2018–Jun. 30, 20184%135675%15569
Jul. 1, 2018–Sep. 30, 20184%135675%15569
Oct. 1, 2018–Dec. 31, 20184%135675%15569
Jan. 1, 2019–Mar. 31, 20195%155696%17571
Apr. 1, 2019–Jun. 30, 20195%155696%17571
Jul. 1, 2019–Sep. 30, 20194%135675%15569
Oct. 1, 2019–Dec. 31, 20194%135675%15569
Jan. 1, 2020–Mar. 31, 20204%616155%63617

February 27, 2023 492 Bulletin No. 2023–9
Apr. 1, 2020–Jun. 30, 20204%616155%63617
Jul. 1, 2020–Sep. 30, 20202%576113%59613
Oct. 1, 2020–Dec. 31, 20202%576113%59613
Jan. 1, 2021–Mar. 31, 20212%95633%11565
Apr. 1, 2021–Jun. 30, 20212%95633%11565
Jul. 1, 2021–Sep. 30, 20212%95633%11565
Oct. 1, 2021–Dec. 31, 20212%95633%11565
Jan. 1, 2022–Mar. 31, 20222%95633%11565
Apr. 1, 2022–Jun. 30, 20223%115654%13567
Jul. 1, 2022–Sep. 30, 20224%135675%15569
Oct. 1, 2022–Dec. 31, 20225%155696%17571
Jan. 1, 2023–Mar. 31, 20236%175717%19573
Apr. 1, 2023–Jun. 30, 20236%175717%19573

Bulletin No. 2023–9 493 February 27, 2023
TABLE OF INTEREST RATES
FOR LARGE CORPORATE UNDERPAYMENTS
FROM JANUARY 1, 1991 - PRESENT
1995-1 C.B.
RATETABLEPG
Jan. 1, 1991–Mar. 31, 199113%31585
Apr. 1, 1991–Jun. 30, 199112%29583
Jul. 1, 1991–Sep. 30, 199112%29583
Oct. 1, 1991–Dec. 31, 199112%29583
Jan. 1, 1992–Mar. 31, 199211%75629
Apr. 1, 1992–Jun. 30, 199210%73627
Jul. 1, 1992–Sep. 30, 199210%73627
Oct. 1, 1992–Dec. 31, 19929%71625
Jan. 1, 1993–Mar. 31, 19939%23577
Apr. 1, 1993–Jun. 30, 19939%23577
Jul. 1, 1993–Sep. 30, 19939%23577
Oct. 1, 1993–Dec. 31, 19939%23577
Jan. 1, 1994–Mar. 31, 19949%23577
Apr. 1, 1994–Jun. 30, 19949%23577
Jul. 1, 1994–Sep. 30, 199410%25579
Oct. 1, 1994–Dec. 31, 199411%27581
Jan. 1, 1995–Jun. 30, 199511%27581
Apr. 1, 1995–Jun. 30, 199512%29583
Jul. 1, 1995–Sep. 30, 199511%27581
Oct. 1, 1995–Dec. 31, 199511%27581
Jan. 1, 1996–Mar. 31, 199611%75629
Apr. 1, 1996–Jun. 30, 199610%73627
Jul. 1, 1996–Sep. 30, 199611%75629
Oct. 1, 1996–Dec. 31, 199611%75629
Jan. 1, 1997–Mar. 31, 199711%27581
Apr. 1, 1997–Jun. 30, 199711%27581
Jul. 1, 1997–Sep. 30, 199711%27581
Oct. 1, 1997–Dec. 31, 199711%27581
Jan. 1, 1998–Mar. 31, 199811%27581
Apr. 1, 1998–Jun. 30, 199810%25579
Jul. 1, 1998–Sep. 30, 199810%25579
Oct. 1, 1998–Dec. 31, 199810%25579
Jan. 1, 1999–Mar. 31, 19999%23577
Apr. 1, 1999–Jun. 30, 199910%25579
Jul. 1, 1999–Sep. 30, 199910%25579
Oct. 1, 1999–Dec. 31, 199910%25579
Jan. 1, 2000–Mar. 31, 200010%73627
Apr. 1, 2000–Jun. 30, 200011%75629
Jul. 1, 2000–Sep. 30, 200011%75629
Oct. 1, 2000–Dec. 31, 200011%75629
Jan. 1, 2001–Mar. 31, 200111%27581

February 27, 2023 494 Bulletin No. 2023–9
Apr. 1, 2001–Jun. 30, 200110%25579
Jul. 1, 2001–Sep. 30, 20019%23577
Oct. 1, 2001–Dec. 31, 20019%23577
Jan. 1, 2002–Mar. 31, 20028%21575
Apr. 1, 2002–Sep. 30, 20028%21575
Jul. 1, 2002–Sep. 30, 20028%21575
Oct. 1, 2002–Dec. 31, 20028%21575
Jan. 1, 2003–Mar. 31, 20037%19573
Apr. 1, 2003–Jun. 30, 20037%19573
Jul. 1, 2003–Sep. 30, 20037%19573
Oct. 1, 2003–Dec. 31, 20036%17571
Jan. 1, 2004–Mar. 31, 20046%65619
Apr. 1, 2004–Jun. 30, 20047%67621
Jul. 1, 2004–Sep. 30, 20046%65619
Oct. 1, 2004–Dec. 31, 20047%67621
Jan. 1, 2005–Mar. 31, 20057%19573
Apr. 1, 2005–Jun. 30, 20058%21575
Jul. 1, 2005–Sep. 30, 20058%21575
Oct. 1, 2005–Dec. 31, 20059%23577
Jan. 1, 2006–Mar. 31, 20069%23577
Apr. 1, 2006–Jun. 30, 20069%23577
Jul. 1, 2006–Sep. 30, 200610%25579
Oct. 1, 2006–Dec. 31, 200610%25579
Jan. 1, 2007–Mar. 31, 200710%25579
Apr. 1, 2007–Jun. 30, 200710%25579
Jul. 1, 2007–Sep. 30, 200710%25579
Oct. 1, 2007–Dec. 31, 200710%25579
Jan. 1, 2008–Mar. 31, 20089%71625
Apr. 1, 2008–Sep. 30, 20088%69623
Jul. 1, 2008–Sep. 30, 20087%67621
Oct. 1, 2008–Dec. 31, 20088%69623
Jan. 1, 2009–Mar. 31, 20097%19573
Apr. 1, 2009–Jun. 30, 20096%17571
Jul. 1, 2009–Sep. 30, 20096%17571
Oct. 1, 2009–Dec. 31, 20096%17571
Jan. 1, 2010–Mar. 31, 20106%17571
Apr. 1, 2010–Jun. 30, 20106%17571
Jul. 1, 2010–Sep. 30, 20106%17571
Oct. 1, 2010–Dec. 31, 20106%17571
Jan. 1, 2011–Mar. 31, 20115%15569
Apr. 1, 2011–Jun. 30, 20116%17571
Jul. 1, 2011–Sep. 30, 20116%17571
Oct. 1, 2011–Dec. 31, 20115%15569
Jan. 1, 2012–Mar. 31, 20125%63617
Apr. 1, 2012–Jun. 30, 20125%63617

Bulletin No. 2023–9 495 February 27, 2023
Jul. 1, 2012–Sep. 30, 20125%63617
Oct. 1, 2012–Dec. 31, 20125%63617
Jan. 1, 2013–Mar. 31, 20135%15569
Apr. 1, 2013–Jun. 30, 20135%15569
Jul. 1, 2013–Sep. 30, 20135%15569
Oct. 1, 2013–Dec. 31, 20135%15569
Jan. 1, 2014–Mar. 31, 20145%15569
Apr. 1, 2014–Jun. 30, 20145%15569
Jul. 1, 2014–Sep. 30, 20145%15569
Oct. 1, 2014–Dec. 31, 20145%15569
Jan. 1, 2015–Mar. 31, 20155%15569
Apr. 1, 2015–Jun. 30, 20155%15569
Jul. 1, 2015–Sep. 30, 20155%15569
Oct. 1, 2015–Dec. 31, 20155%15569
Jan. 1, 2016–Mar. 31, 20165%63617
Apr. 1, 2016–Jun. 30, 20166%65619
Jul. 1, 2016–Sep. 30, 20166%65619
Oct. 1, 2016–Dec. 31, 20166%65619
Jan. 1, 2017–Mar. 31, 20176%17571
Apr. 1, 2017–Jun. 30, 20176%17571
Jul. 1, 2017–Sep. 30, 20176%17571
Oct. 1, 2017–Dec. 31, 20176%17571
Jan. 1, 2018–Mar. 31, 20186%17571
Apr. 1, 2018–Jun. 30, 20187%19573
Jul. 1, 2018–Sep. 30, 20187%19573
Oct. 1, 2018–Dec. 31, 20187%19573
Jan. 1, 2019–Mar. 31, 20198%21575
Apr. 1, 2019–Jun. 30, 20198%21575
Jul. 1, 2019–Sep. 30, 20197%19573
Oct. 1, 2019–Dec. 31, 20197%19573
Jan. 1, 2020–Mar. 31, 20207%67621
Apr. 1, 2020–Jun. 30, 20207%67621
Jul. 1, 2020–Sep. 30, 20205%63617
Oct. 1, 2020–Dec. 31, 20205%63617
Jan. 1, 2021–Mar. 31, 20215%15569
Apr. 1, 2021–Jun. 30, 20215%15569
Jul. 1, 2021–Sep. 30, 20215%15569
Oct. 1, 2021–Dec. 31, 20215%15569
Jan. 1, 2022–Mar. 31, 20225%15569
Apr. 1, 2022–Jun. 30, 20226%17571
Jul. 1, 2022–Sep. 30, 20227%19573
Oct. 1, 2022–Dec. 31, 20228%21575
Jan. 1, 2023–Mar. 31, 20239%23577
Apr. 1, 2023–Jun. 30, 20239%23577

February 27, 2023 496 Bulletin No. 2023–9
TABLE OF INTEREST RATES FOR CORPORATE
OVERPAYMENTS EXCEEDING $10,000
FROM JANUARY 1, 1995 – PRESENT
1995-1 C.B.
RATETABLEPG
Jan. 1, 1995–Mar. 31, 19956.5%18572
Apr. 1, 1995–Jun. 30, 19957.5%20574
Jul. 1, 1995–Sep. 30, 19956.5%18572
Oct. 1, 1995–Dec. 31, 19956.5%18572
Jan. 1, 1996–Mar. 31, 19966.5%66620
Apr. 1, 1996–Jun. 30, 19965.5%64618
Jul. 1, 1996–Sep. 30, 19966.5%66620
Oct. 1, 1996–Dec. 31, 19966.5%66620
Jan. 1, 1997–Mar. 31, 19976.5%18572
Apr. 1, 1997–Jun. 30, 19976.5%18572
Jul. 1, 1997–Sep. 30, 19976.5%18572
Oct. 1, 1997–Dec. 31, 19976.5%18572
Jan. 1, 1998–Mar. 31, 19986.5%18572
Apr. 1, 1998–Jun. 30, 19985.5%16570
Jul. 1, 1998–Sep. 30, 19985.5%16570
Oct. 1, 1998–Dec. 31, 19985.5%16570
Jan. 1, 1999–Mar. 31, 19994.5%14568
Apr. 1, 1999–Sep. 30, 19995.5%16570
Jul. 1, 1999–Sep. 30, 19995.5%16570
Oct. 1, 1999–Dec. 31, 19995.5%16570
Jan. 1, 2000–Mar. 31, 20005.5%64618
Apr. 1, 2000–Jun. 30, 20006.5%66620
Jul. 1, 2000–Sep. 30, 20006.5%66620
Oct. 1, 2000–Dec. 31, 20006.5%66620
Jan. 1, 2001–Mar. 31, 20016.5%18572
Apr. 1, 2001–Jun. 30, 20015.5%16570
Jul. 1, 2001–Sep. 30, 20014.5%14568
Oct. 1, 2001–Dec. 31, 20014.5%14568
Jan. 1, 2002–Mar. 31, 20023.5%12566
Apr. 1, 2002–Jun. 30, 20023.5%12566
Jul. 1, 2002–Sep. 30, 20023.5%12566
Oct. 1, 2002–Dec. 31, 20023.5%12566
Jan. 1, 2003–Mar. 31, 20032.5%10564
Apr. 1, 2003–Jun. 30, 20032.5%10564
Jul. 1, 2003–Sep. 30, 20032.5%10564
Oct. 1, 2003–Dec. 31, 20031.5%8562
Jan. 1, 2004–Mar. 31, 20041.5%56610
Apr. 1, 2004–Jun. 30, 20042.5%58612

Bulletin No. 2023–9 497 February 27, 2023
Jul. 1, 2004–Sep. 30, 20041.5%56610
Oct. 1, 2004–Dec. 31, 20042.5%58612
Jan. 1, 2005–Mar. 31, 20052.5%10564
Apr. 1, 2005–Jun. 30, 20053.5%12566
Jul. 1, 2005–Sep. 30, 20053.5%12566
Oct. 1, 2005–Dec. 31, 20054.5%14568
Jan. 1, 2006–Mar. 31, 20064.5%14568
Apr. 1, 2006–Jun. 30, 20064.5%14568
Jul. 1, 2006–Sep. 30, 20065.5%16570
Oct. 1, 2006–Dec. 31, 20065.5%16570
Jan. 1, 2007–Mar. 31, 20075.5%16570
Apr. 1, 2007–Jun. 30, 20075.5%16570
Jul. 1, 2007–Sep. 30, 20075.5%16570
Oct. 1, 2007–Dec. 31, 20075.5%16570
Jan. 1, 2008–Mar. 31, 20084.5%62616
Apr. 1, 2008–Jun. 30, 20083.5%60614
Jul. 1, 2008–Sep. 30, 20082.5%58612
Oct. 1, 2008–Dec. 31, 20083.5%60614
Jan. 1, 2009–Mar. 31, 20092.5%10564
Apr. 1, 2009–Jun. 30, 20091.5%8562
Jul. 1, 2009–Sep. 30, 20091.5%8562
Oct. 1, 2009–Dec. 31, 20091.5%8562
Jan. 1, 2010–Mar. 31, 20101.5%8562
Apr. 1, 2010–Jun. 30, 20101.5%8562
Jul. 1, 2010–Sep. 30, 20101.5%8562
Oct. 1, 2010–Dec. 31, 20101.5%8562
Jan. 1, 2011–Mar. 31, 20110.5%*
Apr. 1, 2011–Jun. 30, 20111.5%8562
Jul. 1, 2011–Sep. 30, 20111.5%8562
Oct. 1, 2011–Dec. 31, 20110.5%*
Jan. 1, 2012–Mar. 31, 20120.5%*
Apr. 1, 2012–Jun. 30, 20120.5%*
Jul. 1, 2012–Sep. 30, 20120.5%*
Oct. 1, 2012–Dec. 31, 20120.5%*
Jan. 1, 2013–Mar. 31, 20130.5%*
Apr. 1, 2013–Jun. 30, 20130.5%*
Jul. 1, 2013–Sep. 30, 20130.5%*
Oct. 1, 2013–Dec. 31, 20130.5%*
Jan. 1, 2014–Mar. 31, 20140.5%*
Apr. 1, 2014–Jun. 30, 20140.5%*
Jul. 1, 2014–Sep. 30, 20140.5%*
Oct. 1, 2014–Dec. 31, 20140.5%*

February 27, 2023 498 Bulletin No. 2023–9
Jan. 1, 2015–Mar. 31, 20150.5%*
Apr. 1, 2015–Jun. 30, 20150.5%*
Jul. 1, 2015–Sep. 30, 20150.5%*
Oct. 1, 2015–Dec. 31, 20150.5%*
Jan. 1, 2016–Mar. 31, 20160.5%*
Apr. 1, 2016–Jun. 30, 20161.5%56610
Jul. 1, 2016–Sep. 30, 20161.5%56610
Oct. 1, 2016–Dec. 31, 20161.5%56610
Jan. 1, 2017–Mar. 31, 20171.5%8562
Apr. 1, 2017–Jun. 30, 20171.5%8562
Jul. 1, 2017–Sep. 30, 20171.5%8562
Oct. 1, 2017–Dec. 31, 20171.5%8562
Jan. 1, 2018–Mar. 31, 20181.5%8562
Apr. 1, 2018–Jun. 30, 20182.5%10564
Jul. 1, 2018–Sep. 30, 20182.5%10564
Oct. 1, 2018–Dec. 31, 20182.5%10564
Jan. 1, 2019–Mar. 31, 20193.5%12566
Apr. 1, 2019–Jun. 30, 20193.5%12566
Jul. 1, 2019–Sep. 30, 20192.5%10564
Oct. 1, 2019–Dec. 31, 20192.5%10564
Jan. 1, 2020–Mar. 31, 20202.5%58612
Apr. 1, 2020–Jun. 30, 20202.5%58612
Jul. 1, 2020–Sep. 30, 20200.5%*
Oct. 1, 2020–Dec. 31, 20200.5%*
Jan. 1, 2021–Mar. 31, 20210.5%*
Apr. 1, 2021–Jun. 30, 20210.5%*
Jul. 1, 2021–Sep. 30, 20210.5%*
Oct. 1, 2021–Dec. 31, 20210.5%*
Jan. 1, 2022–Mar. 31, 20220.5%*
Apr. 1, 2022–Jun. 30, 20221.5%8562
Jul. 1, 2022–Sep. 30, 20222.5%10564
Oct. 1, 2022–Dec. 31, 20223.5%12566
Jan. 1, 2023–Mar. 31, 20234.5%14568
Apr. 1, 2023–Jun. 30, 20234.5%14568
* The asterisk reflects the interest factors for daily compound interest for annual rates of 0.5 percent published in Appendix A of
this Revenue Ruling.

Bulletin No. 2023–9 499 February 27, 2023
Part IV
Announcement of
Disciplinary Sanctions
From the Office of
Professional Responsibility
Announcement 2023-05
The Office of Professional Respon-
sibility (OPR) announces recent disci-
plinary sanctions involving attorneys, cer-
tified public accountants, enrolled agents,
enrolled actuaries, enrolled retirement
plan agents, appraisers, and unenrolled/
unlicensed return preparers (individuals
who are not enrolled to practice and are
not licensed as attorneys or certified pub-
lic accountants). Licensed or enrolled
practitioners are subject to the regulations
governing practice before the Internal
Revenue Service (IRS), which are set out
in Title 31, Code of Federal Regulations,
Subtitle A, Part 10, and which are released
as Treasury Department Circular No.
230. The regulations prescribe the duties
and restrictions relating to such practice
and prescribe the disciplinary sanctions
for violating the regulations. Unenrolled/
unlicensed return preparers are subject to
Revenue Procedure 81-38 and supersed-
ing guidance in Revenue Procedure 2014-
42, which govern a preparer’s eligibility
to represent taxpayers before the IRS in
examinations of tax returns the preparer
both prepared for the taxpayer and signed
as the preparer. Additionally, unenrolled/
unlicensed return preparers who volun-
tarily participate in the Annual Filing Sea-
son Program under Revenue Procedure
2014-42 agree to be subject to the duties
and restrictions in Circular 230, including
the restrictions on incompetent or disrep-
utable conduct.
The disciplinary sanctions to be im-
posed for violation of the applicable stan-
dards are:
Disbarred from practice before the
IRS—An individual who is disbarred
is not eligible to practice before the IRS
as defined at 31 C.F.R. § 10.2(a)(4) for a
minimum period of five (5) years.
Suspended from practice before the
IRS—An individual who is suspended is
not eligible to practice before the IRS as
defined at 31 C.F.R. § 10.2(a)(4) during
the term of the suspension.
Censured in practice before the
IRS—Censure is a public reprimand. Un-
like disbarment or suspension, censure
does not affect an individual’s eligibility
to practice before the IRS, but OPR may
subject the individual’s future practice
rights to conditions designed to promote
high standards of conduct.
Monetary penalty—A monetary pen-
alty may be imposed on an individual who
engages in conduct subject to sanction,
or on an employer, firm, or entity if the
individual was acting on its behalf and it
knew, or reasonably should have known,
of the individual’s conduct.
Disqualification of appraiser—An
appraiser who is disqualified is barred
from presenting evidence or testimony in
any administrative proceeding before the
Department of the Treasury or the IRS.
Ineligible for limited practice—An
unenrolled/unlicensed return preparer
who fails to comply with the requirements
in Revenue Procedure 81-38 or to comply
with Circular 230 as required by Revenue
Procedure 2014-42 may be determined in-
eligible to engage in limited practice as a
representative of any taxpayer.
Under the regulations, individuals
subject to Circular 230 may not assist,
or accept assistance from, individuals
who are suspended or disbarred with
respect to matters constituting practice
(i.e., representation) before the IRS, and
they may not aid or abet suspended or
disbarred individuals to practice before
the IRS.
Disciplinary sanctions are described in
these terms:
Disbarred by decision, Suspended by
decision, Censured by decision, Mone-
tary penalty imposed by decision, and
Disqualified after hearing—An adminis-
trative law judge (ALJ) issued a decision
imposing one of these sanctions after the
ALJ either (1) granted the government’s
summary judgment motion or (2) con-
ducted an evidentiary hearing upon OPR’s
complaint alleging violation of the regu-
lations. After 30 days from the issuance
of the decision, in the absence of an ap-
peal, the ALJ’s decision becomes the final
agency decision.
Disbarred by default decision,
Suspended by default decision, Cen-
sured by default decision, Monetary
penalty imposed by default decision,
and Disqualified by default decision—
An ALJ, after finding that no answer
to OPR’s complaint was filed, granted
OPR’s motion for a default judgment
and issued a decision imposing one of
these sanctions.
Disbarment by decision on appeal,
Suspended by decision on appeal, Cen-
sured by decision on appeal, Monetary
penalty imposed by decision on ap-
peal, and Disqualified by decision on
appeal—The decision of the ALJ was
appealed to the agency appeal authority,
acting as the delegate of the Secretary
of the Treasury, and the appeal authority
issued a decision imposing one of these
sanctions.
Disbarred by consent, Suspend-
ed by consent, Censured by consent,
Monetary penalty imposed by consent,
and Disqualified by consent—In lieu of
a disciplinary proceeding being instituted
or continued, an individual offered a con-
sent to one of these sanctions and OPR
accepted the offer. Typically, an offer of
consent will provide for: suspension for
an indefinite term; conditions that the in-
dividual must observe during the suspen-
sion; and the individual’s opportunity,
after a stated number of months, to file
with OPR a petition for reinstatement
affirming compliance with the terms of
the consent and affirming current fitness
and eligibility to practice (i.e., an active
professional license or active enrollment
status, with no intervening violations of
the regulations).
Suspended indefinitely by decision in
expedited proceeding, Suspended indef-
initely by default decision in expedited
proceeding, Suspended by consent in
expedited proceeding—OPR instituted
an expedited proceeding for suspension
(based on certain limited grounds, in-
cluding loss of a professional license for
cause, and criminal convictions).
Determined ineligible for limited
practice—There has been a final deter-

February 27, 2023 500 Bulletin No. 2023–9
mination that an unenrolled/unlicensed
return preparer is not eligible for limited
representation of any taxpayer because the
preparer violated standards of conduct or
failed to comply with any of the require-
ments to act as a representative.
A practitioner who has been disbarred
or suspended under 31 C.F.R. § 10.60, or
suspended under § 10.82, or a disquali-
fied appraiser may petition for reinstate-
ment before the IRS after the expiration
of 5 years following such disbarment,
suspension, or disqualification (or im-
mediately following the expiration of the
suspension or disqualification period if
shorter than 5 years). Reinstatement will
not be granted unless the IRS is satisfied
that the petitioner is not likely to engage
thereafter in conduct contrary to Circular
230, and that granting such reinstatement
would not be contrary to the public in-
terest.
Reinstatement decisions are published
at the individual’s request, and described
in these terms:
Reinstated to practice before the
IRS—The individual’s petition for re-
instatement has been granted. The
agent, and eligible to practice before the
IRS, or in the case of an appraiser, the in-
dividual is no longer disqualified.
Reinstated to engage in limited
practice before the IRS—The individ-
ual’s petition for reinstatement has been
granted. The individual is an unenrolled/
unlicensed return preparer and eligible to
engage in limited practice before the IRS,
subject to requirements the IRS has pre-
scribed for limited practice by tax return
preparers.
OPR has authority to disclose the
grounds for disciplinary sanctions in these
situations: (1) an ALJ or the Secretary’s
delegate on appeal has issued a final de-
cision; (2) the individual has settled a dis-
ciplinary case by signing OPR’s “consent
to sanction” agreement admitting to one
or more violations of the regulations and
consenting to the disclosure of the admit-
ted violations (for example, failure to file
Federal income tax returns, lack of due
diligence, conflict of interest, etc.); (3)
OPR has issued a decision in an expedited
proceeding for indefinite suspension; or
(4) OPR has made a final determination
(including any decision on appeal) that an
unenrolled/unlicensed return preparer is
ineligible to represent any taxpayer before
the IRS.
Announcements of disciplinary sanc-
tions appear in the Internal Revenue
Bulletin at the earliest practicable date.
The sanctions announced below are al-
phabetized first by state and second by
the last names of the sanctioned individ-
uals.
City & State
NameProfessional
Designation
Disciplinary SanctionEffective Date(s)
Arizona
PhoenixDaughhetee, Cynthia J.C PASuspended by default decision
in expedited proceeding under
31 C.F.R. § 10.82(b)
Indefinite from
November 22, 2022
Nebraska
ElkhornPanick, Heather C.AttorneySuspended by decision in
expedited proceeding under
31 C.F.R. § 10.82(b)
Indefinite from
October 19, 2022
Maryland
PotomacMensah, Paul T.AttorneySuspended by consent for
admitted violations of
31 C.F.R. § 10.51(a)
Indefinite from
October 4, 2022
Ohio
ColumbusMason, Shari L.C PASuspended by default decision
in expedited proceeding under
31 C.F.R. § 10.82(b)
Indefinite from
November 22, 2022
New York
Dix HillsGuerra, James G.C PASuspended by consent for
admitted violations of
31 C.F.R. § 10.51(a)
Indefinite from
November 15, 2022

Bulletin No. 2023–9 501 February 27, 2023
Third Six-Year Remedial
Amendment Cycle for Pre-
approved Defined Benefit
Plans: Issuance of Opinion
Letters, Plan Adoption
Deadline, and Opening
of Determination Letter
Program
Announcement 2023-6
The Internal Revenue Service (IRS)
intends to issue opinion letters for pre-ap-
proved defined benefit plans that were
updated for changes in plan qualification
requirements listed in Notice 2020-14,
2020-13 I.R.B. 555 (the 2020 Cumula-
tive List) and that were filed with the IRS
during the third six-year remedial amend-
ment cycle under the remedial amendment
cycle system for pre-approved plans es-
tablished under Rev. Proc. 2016-37, 2016-
29 I.R.B. 136 (newly approved plans).
The IRS expects to issue the letters on
February 28, 2023, or, in some cases, as
soon as possible thereafter.
An employer intending to maintain a
pre-approved plan for the third six-year
remedial amendment cycle for defined
benefit plans must adopt a newly approved
plan on or before March 31, 2025. During
the period beginning April 1, 2023, and
ending March 31, 2025, the IRS will ac-
cept an application for an individual deter-
mination letter from an adopting employer
eligible to submit a determination letter
request under the third six-year remedi-
al amendment cycle for defined benefit
pre-approved plans.
Background
Rev. Proc. 2016-37 describes a stag-
gered remedial amendment system for
pre-approved plans that are qualified
under § 401(a) of the Internal Revenue
Code. The revenue procedure provides
separate six-year remedial amendment cy-
cles for pre-approved defined benefit and
pre-approved defined contribution plans.
Section 16 of Rev. Proc. 2016-37 provides
that the third six-year remedial amend-
ment cycle for pre-approved defined
benefit plans ends on January 31, 2025.
Section 16 further provides that the IRS
may revise the cycle dates to respond to
changing circumstances and the needs of
plan sponsors and that any such revision
will be announced in guidance published
in the Internal Revenue Bulletin.
Rev. Proc. 2017-41, 2017-29 I.R.B. 92,
modifies the pre-approved letter program
by combining the former master and pro-
totype and volume submitter programs
into a single opinion letter program. Under
this program, providers of pre-approved
plans may continue to apply for new opin-
ion letters once every six years. Rev. Proc.
2017-41 sets forth the procedures for pro-
viders to obtain opinion letters for qual-
ified pre-approved plans submitted with
respect to the third (and subsequent) six-
year remedial amendment cycles.
In order to receive opinion letters with
respect to the third six-year remedial
amendment cycle, Rev. Proc. 2016-37 and
the 2020 Cumulative List require that pro-
viders update their pre-approved defined
benefit plans for changes in plan qualifi-
cation requirements set forth in the 2020
Cumulative List.
Rev. Proc. 2016-37 and Rev. Proc.
2017-41 provide that when the review
process for a cycle of pre-approved plans
has neared completion, the IRS will an-
nounce the date by which an adopting em-
ployer must adopt a newly approved plan.
Depending on the date the review process
is completed, an adopting employer will
have approximately two years to adopt
a newly approved plan and, if otherwise
eligible, apply for an individual determi-
nation letter.
Deadline for Employer Adoption of
Newly Approved Plans
The end of the third six-year remedial
amendment cycle for pre-approved de-
fined benefit plans is extended to March
31, 2025. An adopting employer that has
a defined benefit plan that is eligible for
the six-year remedial amendment cycle
system under section 19 of Rev. Proc.
2016-37, and that adopts a newly ap-
proved plan on or before March 31, 2025,
will be considered to have adopted the
plan within the third six-year remedial
amendment cycle.
Determination Letter Program for
Adopters of Newly Approved Plans
An adopting employer of a newly ap-
proved plan may apply for an individual
determination letter (if otherwise eligi-
ble) during the period beginning April
1, 2023, and ending March 31, 2025.
Additional information regarding indi-
vidual determination letter applications
for pre-approved plans, including guid-
ance on employer eligibility to apply for
a determination letter for a pre-approved
plan and the requirements for applica-
tions filed on Form 5307 (or Form 5300,
if applicable), may be found in Rev. Proc.
2023-4, 2023-1 I.R.B. 162, including
sections 8, 12, and 13.
Paperwork Reduction Act
The collection of information con-
tained in Rev. Proc. 2017-41 with respect
to the pre-approved plan program has
been reviewed and approved by the Office
of Management and Budget in accordance
with the Paperwork Reduction Act (44
U.S.C. 3507) under control number 1545-
1674.
Drafting Information
The principal author of this announce-
ment is Jessica Weinberger of the Office
of Associate Chief Counsel (Employee
Benefits, Exempt Organizations, and Em-
ployment Taxes). For further information
regarding this announcement, contact Em-
ployee Plans at (513) 975-6319 (not a toll-
free number).

Bulletin No. 2023–9 i February 27, 2023
Definition of Terms
Revenue rulings and revenue procedures
(hereinafter referred to as “rulings”) that
have an effect on previous rulings use the
following defined terms to describe the
effect:
Amplified describes a situation where
no change is being made in a prior pub-
lished position, but the prior position is
being extended to apply to a variation of
the fact situation set forth therein. Thus, if
an earlier ruling held that a principle ap-
plied to A, and the new ruling holds that
the same principle also applies to B, the
earlier ruling is amplified. (Compare with
modified, below).
Clarified is used in those instances
where the language in a prior ruling is be-
ing made clear because the language has
caused, or may cause, some confusion. It
is not used where a position in a prior rul-
ing is being changed.
Distinguished describes a situation
where a ruling mentions a previously pub-
lished ruling and points out an essential
difference between them.
Modified is used where the substance
of a previously published position is being
changed. Thus, if a prior ruling held that a
principle applied to A but not to B, and the
new ruling holds that it applies to both A
and B, the prior ruling is modified because
it corrects a published position. (Compare
with amplified and clarified, above).
Obsoleted describes a previously pub-
lished ruling that is not considered deter-
minative with respect to future transactions.
This term is most commonly used in a ruling
that lists previously published rulings that
are obsoleted because of changes in laws or
regulations. A ruling may also be obsoleted
because the substance has been included in
regulations subsequently adopted.
Revoked describes situations where the
position in the previously published ruling
is not correct and the correct position is
being stated in a new ruling.
Superseded describes a situation where
the new ruling does nothing more than
restate the substance and situation of a
previously published ruling (or rulings).
Thus, the term is used to republish under
the 1986 Code and regulations the same
position published under the 1939 Code
and regulations. The term is also used
when it is desired to republish in a single
ruling a series of situations, names, etc.,
that were previously published over a
period of time in separate rulings. If the
new ruling does more than restate the sub-
stance of a prior ruling, a combination of
terms is used. For example, modified and
superseded describes a situation where the
substance of a previously published ruling
is being changed in part and is continued
without change in part and it is desired to
restate the valid portion of the previous-
ly published ruling in a new ruling that is
self contained. In this case, the previously
published ruling is first modified and then,
as modified, is superseded.
Supplemented is used in situations in
which a list, such as a list of the names of
countries, is published in a ruling and that
list is expanded by adding further names
in subsequent rulings. After the original
ruling has been supplemented several
times, a new ruling may be published that
includes the list in the original ruling and
the additions, and supersedes all prior rul-
ings in the series.
Suspended is used in rare situations to
show that the previous published rulings
will not be applied pending some future
action such as the issuance of new or
amended regulations, the outcome of cas-
es in litigation, or the outcome of a Ser-
vice study.
Abbreviations
The following abbreviations in current
use and formerly used will appear in
material published in the Bulletin.
A—Individual.
Acq.—Acquiescence.
B—Individual.
BE—Beneficiary.
BK—Bank.
B.T.A.—Board of Tax Appeals.
C—Individual.
C.B.—Cumulative Bulletin.
CFR—Code of Federal Regulations.
CI
—City.
COOP—Cooperative.
Ct.D.—Court Decision.
CY—County.
D—Decedent.
DC—Dummy Corporation.
DE—Donee.
Del. Order—Delegation Order.
DISC—Domestic International Sales Corporation.
DR—Donor.
E—Estate.
EE—Employee.
E.O.—Executive Order.
ER—Employer.
ERISA—Employee Retirement Income Security Act.
EX—Executor.
F—Fiduciary.
FC—Foreign Country.
FICA—Federal Insurance Contributions Act.
FISC—Foreign International Sales Company.
FPH—Foreign Personal Holding Company.
F.R.—Federal Register.
FUTA—Federal Unemployment Tax Act.
FX—Foreign corporation.
G.C.M.—Chief Counsel’s Memorandum.
GE—Grantee.
GP—General Partner.
GR—Grantor.
IC—Insurance Company.
I.R.B.—Internal Revenue Bulletin.
LE—Lessee.
LP—Limited Partner.
LR—Lessor.
M—Minor.
Nonacq.—Nonacquiescence.
O—Organization.
P—Parent Corporation.
PHC—Personal Holding Company.
PO—Possession of the U.S.
PR—Partner.
PRS—Partnership.
PTE—Prohibited Transaction Exemption.
Pub. L.—Public Law.
REIT—Real Estate Investment Trust.
Rev. Proc.—Revenue Procedure.
Rev. Rul.—Revenue Ruling.
S—Subsidiary.
S.P.R.—Statement of Procedural Rules.
Stat.—Statutes at Large.
T—Target Corporation.
T.C.—Tax Court.
T.D.—Treasury Decision.
TFE—Transferee.
TFR—Transferor.
T.I.R.—Technical Information Release.
TP—Taxpayer.
TR—Trust.
TT—Trustee.
U.S.C.—United States Code.
X—Corporation.
Y—Corporation.
Z—Corporation.

February 27, 2023 ii Bulletin No. 2023–9
Numerical Finding List
1
Bulletin 2023–9
Announcements:
2023-2, 2023-2 I.R.B. 344
2023-1, 2023-3 I.R.B. 422
2023-3, 2023-5 I.R.B. 447
2023-4, 2023-7 I.R.B. 470
2023-5, 2023-9 I.R.B. 499
2023-6, 2023-9 I.R.B. 501
Notices:
2023-4, 2023-2 I.R.B. 321
2023-5, 2023-2 I.R.B. 324
2023-6, 2023-2 I.R.B. 328
2023-8, 2023-2 I.R.B. 341
2023-1, 2023-3 I.R.B. 373
2023-2, 2023-3 I.R.B. 374
2023-3, 2023-3 I.R.B. 388
2023-7, 2023-3 I.R.B. 390
2023-9, 2023-3 I.R.B. 402
2023-10, 2023-3 I.R.B. 403
2023-11, 2023-3 I.R.B. 404
2023-12, 2023-6 I.R.B. 450
2023-13, 2023-6 I.R.B. 454
2023-16, 2023-8 I.R.B. 479
Proposed Regulations:
REG-100442-22, 2023-3 I.R.B. 423
REG-146537-06, 2023-3 I.R.B. 436
REG-114666-22, 2023-4 I.R.B. 437
Revenue Procedures:
2023-1, 2023-1 I.R.B. 1
2023-2, 2023-1 I.R.B. 120
2023-3, 2023-1 I.R.B. 144
2023-4, 2023-1 I.R.B. 162
2023-5, 2023-1 I.R.B. 265
2023-7, 2023-1 I.R.B. 305
2023-8, 2023-3 I.R.B. 407
2023-10, 2023-3 I.R.B. 411
2023-11, 2023-3 I.R.B. 417
2023-14, 2023-6 I.R.B. 466
2023-9, 2023-7 I.R.B. 471
Revenue Rulings:
2023-1, 2023-2 I.R.B. 309
2023-3, 2023-6 I.R.B. 448
2023-4, 2023-9 I.R.B. 480
Treasury Decisions:
9970, 2023-2 I.R.B. 311
9771, 2023-3 I.R.B. 346
1
A cumulative list of all revenue rulings, revenue procedures, Treasury decisions, etc., published in Internal Revenue Bulletins 2022–27 through 2022–52 is in Internal Revenue Bulletin
2022–52, dated December 27, 2022.

Bulletin No. 2023–9 iii February 27, 2023
Finding List of Current Actions on
Previously Published Items
1
Bulletin 2023–9
1
A cumulative list of all revenue rulings, revenue procedures, Treasury decisions, etc., published in Internal Revenue Bulletins 2022–27 through 2022–52 is in Internal Revenue Bulletin
2022–52, dated December 27, 2022.

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