Commentaries: Annex 5

(Art. 21 and 24)

Requirements for thermal and motor fuels

1 Heating oils and other liquid fuels

11 Definitions

¹«Extra light» heating oil comprises «Euro extra-light» heating oil and «eco extra-light» heating oil.

²Untreated vegetable oils and vegetable oil methyl esters that meet the requirements of standard SN EN 14214 (Liquid petroleum products – fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) for use in diesel engines and heating applications – requirements and test methods)¹are deemed to be equivalent to «eco extra-light» heating oil.

11bis Sulphur content of heating oils

The sulphur content of:

«Euro extra-light» heating oil must not exceed 0.1 per cent (% m/m );
«eco extra-light» heating oil must not exceed 0.005 per cent (% m/m );
«medium» and «heavy» fuel oil must not exceed 2.8 per cent (% m/m ).

12 Additional requirements for heating oils

¹Additives containing halogen or heavy metal compounds (except iron compounds) must not be added to heating oils.

²In addition, additives containing substances such as magnesium compounds which distort the results of smoke number measurement in the control of oil-fired installations must not be added to «extra light» heating oil.

³Waste oils must not be added to heating oils.

13 Other liquid fuels

131 Definition

Other liquid fuels means liquid organic compounds which can be combusted like «extra light» heating oil and meet the requirements specified in Number 132.

132 Requirements

¹During combustion, other liquid fuels must not produce higher or other pollutant emissions than is the case with «extra light» heating oil.

²The content of pollutants in the fuel must not exceed the following limit values:

Ash	50 mg/kg
Chlorine	50 mg/kg
Barium	5 mg/kg
Lead	5 mg/kg
Nickel	5 mg/kg
Vanadium	10 mg/kg
Zinc	5 mg/kg
Phosphorus	5 mg/kg
Polychlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons (e.g. PCBs)	1 mg/kg

³In derogation from paragraph 2, for liquid biogenic fuels the following values apply for ash and phosphorus:

Ash	100 mg/kg
Phosphorus	20 mg/kg

133 Relation to Annex 2 Number 71

Other liquid organic compounds which do not meet the requirements specified in Number 132 shall be regarded as special waste.

2 Coal, coal briquettes and coke

The sulphur content of coal, coal briquettes and coke must not exceed 3.0 % (m/m).

3 Wood fuels

31 Definition

¹Wood fuels means:

untreated wood, in pieces, including attached bark, especially chopped firewood, wood briquettes, brushwood and cones, and unused sections of solid wood produced solely by mechanical processing;
untreated wood, not in pieces, especially wood pellets, chips, shavings, sawdust, sander dust and bark;
wood residues from the wood-processing industry an the woodworking trade, provided the wood is painted, coated, glued or treated in a similar way; the foregoing does not apply to wood that is pressure-impregnated or has halogenated organic compounds in the coating.
untreated waste wood in the form of:

1. fence posts, beanpoles and other items made of solid wood used in horticulture or agriculture,

2. disposable pallets made of solid wood.

²Wood fuels do not include:

waste wood from demolition, conversion or renovation work, waste residues from construction sites, used wooden furniture and waste wood from packaging including pallets, with the exception of disposable pallets in accordance with paragraph 1 letter d number 2, or mixtures thereof with wood fuels as specified in paragraph 1;
any other wooden materials, such as:

1. waste wood or wood waste which has been pressure-impregnated with wood preservatives or treated with coatings containing halogenated organic compounds;

2. wood waste or waste wood intensively treated with wood preservatives such as pentachlorophenol;

3. such waste mixed with wood fuels as specified in paragraph 1 or with waste wood as specified in letter a.

32 Requirements for wood pellets and briquettes

Wood pellets and briquettes that are untreated wood in accordance with Number 31 paragraph 1 letters a and b may only be commercially imported or placed on the market if:

the wood pellets meet the requirements of Standard SN EN ISO 17225-2 (Solid Biofuels - Fuel Specifications and Classes - Part 2: classification of wood pellets)²for Class A1 or A2 or are of an equivalent quality;
the wood briquettes meet the requirements of Standard SN EN ISO 17225-3 (Solid Biofuels - Fuel Specifications and Classes - Part 3: classification of wood briquettes)³for Class A1 or A2 or are of an equivalent quality.

4 Gaseous fuels

41 Definition

¹Gaseous fuels means:

natural gas, petroleum gas or coal gas which is fed into a public gas distribution grid;
liquid gas consisting of propane and/or butane;
hydrogen;
gases similar to natural gas, petroleum gas or coal gas, such as biogas obtained from the gasification of wood fuels specified in Number 31 paragraph 1 letter a, b or d Number 1 or sewage treatment gases;
landfill gases, provided the total content of inorganic and organic chlorine and fluorine compounds, expressed as hydrogen chloride and hydrogen fluoride, does not exceed 50 mg/m³.

²All other gases shall be regarded as waste gases, which must meet the requirements specified in Annex 2 Number 71 during combustion. This also applies in particular to landfill gases which do not meet the requirements specified in paragraph 1 letter e.

42 Requirements

The sulphur content of gases as specified in Number 41 letters a and b must not exceed 190 mg/kg.

5 Petrols

¹Petrol may only be imported or placed on the market if it complies with the following requirements:

Property	Unit	Minimum value^a	Maximum value^a	Test method^b
Petrol
– Research octane number,RON		95.0^c	–	EN ISO 5164
– Motor octane number,MON		85.0^c	–	EN ISO 5163
– Vapour pressure (DVPE):				EN 13016‑1
– Six summer months	kPa	–	60.0^d
– Distillation characteristics:				EN ISO 3405
– evaporated at 100 °C	%(V/V)	46.0	–
– evaporated at 150 °C	%(V/V)	75.0	–
– Determination of hydrocarbon types:
– Olefins	%(V/V)	–	18.0	EN 15553, EN ISO 22854
– Aromatics	%(V/V)	–	35.0	EN 15553, EN ISO 22854
– Benzene	%(V/V)	–	1.00	EN 12177, EN 238, EN ISO 22854
– Oxygen content	%(m/m)	–	3.7	EN 1601, EN 13132, EN ISO 22854
– Oxygenates content:				EN 1601, EN 13132, EN ISO 22854
– Methanol	%(V/V)	–	3.0
– Ethanol	%(V/V)	–	10.0
– Isopropyl alcohol	%(V/V)	–	12.0
– tert -Butyl alcohol	%(V/V)	–	15.0
– Isobutyl alcohol	%(V/V)	–	15.0
– Ethers (containing 5 or more carbon atoms)	%(V/V)	–	22.0
– Other oxygenates^e	%(V/V)	–	15.0
– Sulphur content	mg/kg	–	10.0	EN ISO 20846, EN ISO 20884
– Lead content	mg/l	–	5.0	EN 237
Notes:
^a The test results are to be assessed in accordance with EN ISO 4259 «Petroleum products –Determination and application of precision data in relation to methods of test».
^b The following (joint) standards are applicable for testing:
– EN: standard issued by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN)
– ISO: standard issued by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). These standards may be viewed free of charge or obtained for a fee from the Swiss Association for Standardisation, Sulzerallee 70, 8404 Winterthur; www.snv.ch.
^c For regular petrol, notwithstanding the values given in this Table, the RON must be at least 91 and the MON at least 81.
^d Applies to petrols used between 1 May and 30 September.
^e Other monoalcohols and ethers having a boiling point not greater than 210 °C

^1bisIf bioethanol is added to petrol, the following deviations from the maximum vapour pressure of 60.0 kPa specified in paragraph 1 are permissible during the six summer months, until 30 September 2030:

Bioethanol content	%(V/V)	1.0	2.0	3.0	4.0	5.0	6.0	7.0	8.0	9.0	10.0
Maximum permissible deviation^a	kPa	3.7	6.0	7.2	7.8	8.0	8.0	7.9	7.9	7.8	7.8
Notes: ^a Intermediate values are obtained by linear interpolation between the value immediately above and the value immediately below the bioethanol content.

²Aviation petrol shall only be imported or placed on the market if the lead content does not exceed 0.56 g/L and the benzene content does not exceed 1 % (V/V ). Aviation petrol placed on the market shall be dyed blue.

6 Diesel oil

Diesel oil shall only be imported or placed on the market if it complies with the following requirements:

Property	Unit	Minimum value^a	Maximum value^a	Test method^b
Diesel oil
– Cetane number		51.0^c	–	EN ISO 5165, EN 15195, EN 16144, EN 16715
– Density at 15 °C	kg/m³	–	845.0	EN ISO 3675, EN ISO 12185
– Distillation characteristics: 95 % (V/V ) recovered at	°C	–	360	EN ISO 3405, EN ISO 3924
– Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons	% (m/m )	–	8.0	EN 12916
– Sulphur content	mg/kg	–	10.0	EN ISO 20846, EN ISO 20884, EN ISO 13032
Notes:
^a The test results are to be assessed in accordance with EN ISO 4259 «Petroleum products –Determination and application of precision data in relation to methods of test».
^b The following (joint) standards apply to testing:
– EN: standard issued by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN)
– ISO: standard issued by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) These standards may be viewed free of charge or obtained for a fee from the Swiss Association for Standardisation, Sulzerallee 70, 8404 Winterthur; www.snv.ch.
^c For winter qualities, the cetane number, notwithstanding the value given in this Table, must at least satisfy the requirements of SN EN 590.

This standard may be viewed free of charge or obtained for a fee from the Swiss Association for Standardisation, Sulzerallee 70, 8404 Winterthur; www.snv.ch. ↩
This standard may be viewed free of charge or obtained for a fee from the Swiss Association for Standardisation, Sulzerallee 70, 8404 Winterthur; www.snv.ch. ↩
This standard may be viewed free of charge or obtained for a fee from the Swiss Association for Standardisation, Sulzerallee 70, 8404 Winterthur; www.snv.ch. ↩

Annex 5