Key legal question
Whether the refusal to appoint ex officio counsel violated the right to legal aid under Art. 29(3) Constitution
Extracted holding
No. Given the expected sentence, the absence of special factual or legal difficulties, and the possibility of interpretation, appointment was not required at this stage.
Extracted reasoning
Court-appointed counsel is mandatory only where the case is especially serious or where the accused cannot effectively defend himself because of concrete factual or legal complexity. The accused had already admitted the facts, the legal qualification was not unusually difficult, and an interpreter at trial could address language barriers.