Key legal question
Whether the supervisory authority could order the pension fund to change its investment regulations and diversify its assets.
Extracted holding
Yes. The concentrated investment with the employer bank violated the mandatory principles of security and adequate risk diversification.
Extracted reasoning
Art. 71 BVG and Art. 50 BVV 2 require careful selection and broad diversification across asset classes, regions, and sectors. Over 90% of assets with one debtor, whose business was itself concentrated in regional residential mortgages, created an impermissible cluster risk. Asset/liability management and past good returns did not excuse non-compliance; the banking status of the employer did not remove the diversification requirement.