Key legal question
Whether the two federal judges and the clerk had to recuse themselves because they had participated in earlier proceedings in the same matter.
Extracted holding
The recusal request was inadmissible because prior participation in earlier proceedings is not, by itself, a ground for disqualification, and no other concrete ground was shown.
Extracted reasoning
Art. 34(2) BGG excludes recusal solely for participation in a previous case; the appellants failed to substantiate any additional statutory ground under Art. 34(1) and 36(1) BGG.