Key legal question
Whether the appeal judge's prior first-instance involvement required recusal under impartiality guarantees.
Extracted holding
A judge who decided the legal-aid request in first instance could not sit on the appeal against that same decision, because the same factual and legal questions were again at issue and an appearance of bias arose.
Extracted reasoning
Under Art. 30(1) BV and Art. 6(1) ECHR, a party is entitled to an impartial tribunal. Prior participation in the same matter may create an objective appearance of pre-judgment. The cantonal rules allowing the same chamber president to participate in the appeal were incompatible with those guarantees.