Key legal question
Whether the appellant was liable under employer-liability rules for the unpaid social security contributions of X. SA.
Extracted holding
Yes. As sole director, he failed to exercise the required supervision and control over payment of contributions and thus committed gross negligence.
Extracted reasoning
A formal organ cannot escape liability by pointing to a de facto manager if its own conduct also grossly breached duties. A sole director must monitor the company regularly, especially the payment of social contributions, and react to irregularities. The appellant knew of the deficient payments yet did not take timely remedial action or resign.