United States v. Shutt

* Pursuant to 5TH CIR. R. 47.5, the court has determined that this opinion should not be
published and is not precedent except under the limited circumstances set forth in 5TH CIR.
R. 47.5.4.
United States Court of Appeals
Fifth Circuit
F I L E D
May 22, 2006
Charles R. Fulbruge III
Clerk
IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE FIFTH CIRCUIT
No. 05-30537
Summary Calendar
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,
Plaintiff-
Appellee,
versus
KENNETH LUIS SHUTT, also known as Kenneth L. Shutt,
Defendant-
Appellant.
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Appeal from the United States District Court
for the Middle District of Louisiana
USDC No. 3:04-CR-26-1
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Before BARKSDALE, STEWART, and CLEMENT, Circuit Judges.
PER CURIAM:*
Kenneth Luis Shutt appeals his conviction for bank fraud and theft in connection with a health
care benefit program. He raises two issues in this appeal.
First, Shutt contends that the district court improperly increased his base offense level by 16
points under U.S.S.G. § 2B1.1. based on a finding that Shutt caused an “intended loss” of

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$1,500,000. Shutt asserts that his subjective intent had to be established in order to prove the amount
of any intended loss. Shutt alleges that (1) the district court failed to cite any evidence to support
its finding that Shutt’s intended loss was $1,500,000; (2) there was no such evidence in the
presentence investigation report (PSR), the plea agreement, or the factual basis; and (3) he did not
intend to cause any loss. Therefore, Shutt argues that actual loss, not intended loss, should have been
used to enhance his offense level under § 2B1.1.
Even though the Guidelines are advisory after United States v. Booker, 543 U.S. 220, 245
(2005), this court continues to review factual findings with respect to the application of adjustments
for clear error. United States v. Villanueva, 408 F.3d 193, 203 & n.9 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, 126
S. Ct. 268 (2005). The sentencing court’s interpretation and application of the Guidelines is still
reviewed de novo. The amount of loss is a factual finding reviewed for clear error; the method by
which losses are determined is reviewed de novo. United States v. Deavours, 219 F.3d 400, 402 (5th
Cir. 2000). This court gives “great latitude” to the district court’s determination of loss. United
States v. Ravitch, 128 F.3d 865, 870 (5th Cir. 1997).
In the factual basis for his plea, Shutt admitted that, at all relevant times, he was an owner,
the secretary-treasurer, and the chief financial officer of Ascension Enterprises, Inc. (Ascension). He
also admitted to a course of conduct in which he fraudulently obtained three lines of credit for
Ascension at three separate banks. He further acknowledged that he fraudulently induced Business
Bank to extend the maturity date on a $1,500,000 line of credit to Ascension. Finally, at sentencing,
Shutt admitted that he “intended to . . . borrow the money fraught with fraudulent representations,
but to repay it” and argued that “the amount should be what is reasonably foreseeable as a result of
his offense rather than what is the maximum possible loss.”

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In compliance with Fed. R. Crim. P. Rule 32(i)(3)(B), the district court addressed Shutt’s
objection to the PSR’s finding that Shutt should be held responsible for a loss of $1,500,000. United
States v. Medina, 161 F.3d 867, 875-76 (5th Cir. 1998). After considering Shutt’s objection, the
district court concluded that Shutt wanted to be sentenced based on the actual loss. However, the
court recognized that under § 2B1.1 loss is the greater of the actual loss or the intended loss. The
court then found that the intended loss was $1,500,000 based on the maximum line of credit obtained
through Shutt’s “perpetration of the series of frauds that were done in this case . . . before the scheme
began to unravel.” Based on this finding, the court overruled Shutt’s objection. Because Shutt
admitted to placing $1,500,000 at risk based on his fraudulent representations, the district court did
not clearly err when it determined that Shutt’s intended loss was $1,500,000. United States v.
Pennell, 409 F.3d 240, 244 (5th Cir. 2005).
Second, Shutt contends the district court violated the principles set forth in Booker when it
determined that his intended loss was $1,500,000 because this amount of loss allegedly was not
proven beyond a reasonable doubt or admitted by Shutt. In Booker, the Supreme Court found that
“[a]ny fact (other than a prior conviction) which is necessary to support a sentence exceeding the
maximum authorized by the facts established by a plea of guilty or a jury verdict must be admitted
by the defendant or proved to a jury beyond a reasonable doubt.” 543 U.S. at 244.
In the factual basis to his plea, Shutt admitted that he fraudulently obtained three lines of
credit, including the $1,500,000 line of credit from Business Bank. Because Shutt admitted this fact
which was used to enhance his sentence, the district court did not commit Booker error. See Booker,
543 U.S. at 244.
For the foregoing reasons, Shutt’s sentence is AFFIRMED.

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