United States of America v. Jamal L. Vassie

United States Court of Appeals
For the Eighth Circuit
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No. 16-4481
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United States of America
lllllllllllllllllllll Plaintiff - Appellee
v.
Jamal L. Vassie
lllllllllllllllllllll Defendant - Appellant
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Appeal from United States District Court
for the Western District of Missouri - Kansas City
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Submitted: December 22, 2017
Filed: January 24, 2018
[Unpublished]
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Before BOWMAN, BENTON, and KELLY, Circuit Judges.
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PER CURIAM.
A jury found Jamal Vassie guilty of conspiracy, aiding and abetting Hobbs Act
robbery, and aiding and abetting the possession of a firearm in furtherance of a crime

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of violence, 18 U.S.C. §§ 371, 1951(a), 924(c)(1)(A), (c)(2). The District Court1
sentenced Vassie to an aggregate term of 140 months in prison, and he appeals. In
a brief filed by counsel under Anders v. California, 386 U.S. 738 (1967), and in a
pro se supplemental brief, Vassie challenges the sufficiency of the evidence, the
application of two United States Sentencing Guidelines enhancements, and the
reasonableness of the sentence. For the reasons that follow, we affirm.
The evidence introduced at Vassie’s two-day trial included the testimony of
two victims who were robbed at gunpoint and a cooperating coconspirator who
described the robberies and the participation of four codefendants, including Vassie.
In addition, several law enforcement officials, some of whom were conducting
surveillance when one of the robberies occurred, testified about the activities of the
coconspirators and Vassie’s incriminating post-arrest statements. Viewing the
evidence in a light most favorable to the government, without disturbing the jury’s
credibility determinations, we conclude that the evidence supported the jury’s verdict.
See United States v. Bassett, 762 F.3d 681, 685 (8th Cir.) (defining conspiracy to
commit bank robbery), cert. denied, 135 S. Ct. 882 (2014); United States v. House,
825 F.3d 381, 386–87 (8th Cir. 2016) (defining Hobbs Act robbery), cert. denied, 137
S. Ct. 1124 (2017); United States v. McArthur, 850 F.3d 925, 941 (8th Cir. 2017)
(defining aiding and abetting a § 924(c) offense). We also conclude that Vassie’s
conviction under 18 U.S.C. § 924(c) has not been called into question by Johnson v.
United States, 135 S. Ct. 2551 (2015). See Diaz v. United States, 863 F.3d 781,
783–84 (8th Cir. 2017); United States v. Prickett, 839 F.3d 697, 699 (8th Cir. 2016)
(per curiam), petition for cert. filed, No. 16-7373 (U.S. Dec. 30, 2016).
Turning to Vassie’s sentence, we find no error in the District Court’s
imposition of enhancements that may apply if a firearm was brandished or possessed
1The Honorable Stephen R. Bough, United States District Judge for the
Western District of Missouri.
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during a robbery and if “carjacking,” as defined in the Guidelines commentary, was
involved. See U.S. Sentencing Guidelines Manual § 2B3.1 & cmt. n. 1; United States
v. Razo-Guerra, 534 F.3d 970, 975 (8th Cir. 2008) (“The Government must prove by
a preponderance of the evidence each of the facts necessary to establish a sentencing
enhancement.”). Finally, we find no indication in the record that the District Court
committed procedural error or otherwise imposed an unreasonable sentence. See Gall
v. United States, 552 U.S. 38, 51 (2007) (standard of review).
We have reviewed the record independently under Penson v. Ohio, 488 U.S.
75, 80 (1988), and we find no non-frivolous issues. We affirm the judgment of the
District Court and grant counsel’s motion to withdraw.
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