Federal Act on the Consultation Procedure

(Consultation Procedure Act, CPA)

of 18 March 2005 (Status as of 4 December 2023)

The Federal Assembly of the Swiss Confederation,

based on Article 147 of the Federal Constitution¹,
and having considered the Federal Council Dispatch of 21 January 2004²,

decrees:

Art. 1 Scope of application

1. This Act regulates the main aspects of the consultation procedure.
2. It applies to consultation procedures that are initiated by the Federal Council, a department, the Federal Chancellery or a parliamentary committee.³

Art. 2 Purpose of the consultation procedure

1. The consultation procedure has the aim of allowing the cantons, political parties and interested groups to participate in the shaping of opinion and the decision-making process of the Confederation.
2. It is intended to provide information on material accuracy, feasibility of implementation and public acceptance of a federal project.

Art. 3 Subject matter of the consultation procedure

1. A consultation procedure takes place when drafting:
   1. amendments to the Constitution;
   2. draft legislation in terms of Article 164 paragraph 1 of the Federal Constitution;
   3. international law agreements that are subject to a referendum in terms of Articles 140 paragraph 1 letter b and 141 paragraph 1 letter d number 3 of the Federal Constitution or which affect essential cantonal interests;
   4. ordinances and other projects of major political, financial, economic, ecological, social or cultural significance;
   5. ordinances and other projects that do not fall within letter d but which significantly affect individual cantons or all the cantons or are implemented to a significant extent outside the Federal Administration.
2. A consultation procedure may also be carried out in projects that do not meet any of the requirements in paragraph 1.

Art. 3a Dispensing with a consultation procedure

1. A consultation procedure may be dispensed with if:
   1. the project relates primarily to the organisation or procedures of federal authorities or to the allocation of responsibilities among federal authorities;
   2. no new findings are expected because the positions of the interested groups are known, in particular because a consultation procedure on the subject matter of the project has already been carried out; or
   3. ⁴ the project relates to the enactment or amendment of a federal act in accordance with Article 165 of the Federal Constitution or an ordinance in accordance with Article 173 paragraph 1 letter c, Article 184 paragraph 3 or Article 185 paragraph 3 of the Federal Constitution.
2. Well-founded justification must be provided for a decision to dispense with a consultation procedure.

Art. 4 Participation

1. Anyone and any organisation may participate in a consultation procedure and submit an opinion.
2. The following are invited to submit an opinion:
   1. ⁵ the cantonal governments;
   2. the political parties represented in the Federal Assembly;
   3. the national umbrella organisations for the communes, cities and mountain regions;
   4. the national umbrella organisations for the economic sector;
   5. ⁶ the extra-parliamentary committees and any further interest groups relevant to the individual case.
3. The Federal Chancellery maintains a list of parties consulted in terms of paragraph 2 letters a–d.

Art. 5 Initiation

1. Consultation procedures on projects from the Federal Administration are initiated:
   1. by the Federal Council in the case of projects under Article 3 paragraph 1;
   2. by the responsible department or by the Federal Chancellery in the case of projects under Article 3 paragraph 2;
   3. by the responsible unit of the central or decentralised Federal Administration if it is authorised to enact legislation.
2. Consultation procedures on projects from the Federal Assembly are initiated by the responsible parliamentary committee.
3. The Federal Chancellery coordinates the consultation procedures. It gives public notice of any consultation procedure that has been initiated, providing details of the consultation period and the office where the consultation documents may be obtained.

Art. 6 Procedure

1. The authority responsible for initiating the consultation procedure makes the required preparations, carries the procedure out, compiles the results and evaluates the same. Where the Federal Council initiates a consultation procedure, the relevant department carries out the tasks required.
2. Parliamentary committees may call on the assistance of offices and agencies of the Federal Administration for the preparation of the consultation procedure and the compilation of the results thereof.

Art. 6a Requirements for the explanation of the project

The requirements for Federal Council dispatches in terms of Article 141 paragraph 2 of the Parliament Act of 13 December 2002⁷apply by analogy to the explanation of the project.

Art. 7 Form and duration

1. The consultation documents are made available in paper or electronic form. The Federal Council may provide that consultation procedures be carried out exclusively online provided the necessary technical requirements are met.
2. The authority responsible for carrying out the consultation procedures may also invite interested groups to meetings. Minutes must be taken of these meetings.
3. The duration of the consultation period is at least three months. This period may be extended appropriately to take account of public holidays as well as the content and size of the proposal. The minimum period is extended for consultation procedures:
   1. that include the period from 15 July to 15 August: by three weeks;
   2. that include the Christmas and New Year period: by two weeks;
   3. that include Easter: by one week.
4. If the project may not be delayed, the period may by way of exception be reduced. Well-founded justification for the urgency must be given to the parties consulted.

Art. 8 Procedure for opinions

1. The opinions are acknowledged, considered and evaluated.
2. The results of the consultation procedure are summarised in a report.⁸

Art. 9 Transparency

1. The following are made available to the public:
   1. the consultation documents;
   2. on expiry of the consultation period, the opinions and the minutes of consultation procedure conferences;
   3. after acknowledgement by the initiating authority, the summary of the results of the consultation procedure. (Art. 8 para. 2).⁹
2. Opinions are made publicly available by permitting their inspection, providing copies or by publishing them in electronic form, and they may for this purpose be subjected to technical processing.
3. The Freedom of Information Act of 17 December 2004¹⁰does not apply.

Art. 10 Consultation in urgent cases

If a consultation procedure is dispensed with on the basis of Article 3a paragraph 1 letter c, the authority responsible shall, if possible, consult the cantonal governments as well as the groups significantly affected by the project.

Art. 11 Implementing provisions

The Federal Council regulates the details in an ordinance, including in particular:

1. the planning and the coordination of individual consultation procedures;
2. the content of the consultation documents, their preparation and release;
3. the conduct of the consultation procedure in electronic form;
4. the procedure for dealing with the opinions submitted, and in particular their evaluation, technical processing, publication and archiving.

Art. 12 Amendment of current legislation

…¹¹

Art. 13 Referendum and commencement

1. This Act is subject to an optional referendum.
2. The Federal Council determines the date on which this Act comes into force.

Commencement date: 1 September 2005¹²

Footnotes

1. SR 101 ↩

2. BBl 2004 533 ↩

3. Amended by No I of the FA of 26 Sept. 2014, in force since 1 April 2016 (AS 2016 925;BBl 2013 8875). ↩

4. Inserted by No III 2 of the FA of 17 March 2023 (Improvements to the Functioning of Parliament, particularly in Crisis Situations), in force since 4 Dec. 2023 (AS 2023 483;BBl 2022 301,433). ↩

5. Amended by No I of the FA of 26 Sept. 2014, in force since 1 April 2016 (AS 2016 925;BBl 2013 8875). ↩

6. Amended by No I of the FA of 26 Sept. 2014, in force since 1 April 2016 (AS 2016 925;BBl 2013 8875). ↩

7. SR 171.10 ↩

8. Inserted by No I of the FA of 26 Sept. 2014, in force since 1 April 2016 (AS 2016 925;BBl 2013 8875). ↩

9. Amended by No I of the FA of 26 Sept. 2014, in force since 1 April 2016 (AS 2016 925;BBl 2013 8875). ↩

10. SR 152.3 ↩

11. The amendments may be consulted underAS 2005 4099. ↩

12. FCD of 17 Aug. 2005. ↩