us-irs-announcements-irb-2010-11-pdf•Internal Revenue Bulletin 2010-11 (PDF rendition): IRS Announcements
Internal Revenue Bulletin 2010-11 (PDF rendition): IRS Announcements
us-irs-announcements-irb-2010-11-pdfInternal Revenue Bulletin 2010-11 (PDF rendition): IRS AnnouncementsGuidance
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Bulletin No. 201 0-11 March 15, 2010 HIGHLIGHTS OF THIS ISSUE These synopses are intended only as aids to the reader in identifying the subject matter covered. They may not be relied upon as authoritative interpretations. SPECIAL ANNOUNCEMENT Notice 2010–23, page 441. This notice provides FBAR filing relief for some persons with signature authority and who own commingled funds. Notice 2009–62 modified and supplemented. Announcement 2010–16, page 450. This announcement temporarily suspends, for persons who are not United States citizens, United States residents, or domes- tic entities, the requirement to file Form TD F 90–22.1, Report of Foreign Bank and Financial Accounts (FBAR), for the 2009 and earlier calendar years. Announcement 2009–51 supple- mented and superseded. EMPLOYEE PLANS REG–148681–09, page 443. The Department of Labor and the Department of the Treasury (the “Agencies”) are currently reviewing the rules under the Em- ployer Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) and the plan qualification rules under the Internal Revenue Code (Code) to determine whether, and, if so, how, the Agencies could or should enhance, by regulation or otherwise, the retirement se- curity of participants in employer-sponsored retirement plans and in individual retirement arrangements (IRAs) by facilitating access to, and use of, lifetime income or other arrangements designedtoprovidealifetimestreamofincomeafterretire- ment. The purpose of this notice is to solicit views, sugges- tions and comments from plan participants, employers and other plan sponsors, plan service providers, and members of the financial community, as well as the general public, on this important issue. EXEMPT ORGANIZATIONS Announcement 2010–14, page 449. The IRS has revoked its determination that Nat Turner Legal Defense of Garland, TX; The Arab American Cultural and Ed- ucational Center Inc., of Youngstown, OH; Debt Counseling and Solutions, Inc., of Metairie, LA; Ezekiel’s House of Cen- tral Florida, Inc., of Salem, IN; Howell’s International, Inc., of British West Indies; Moore’s Burial Association of Fayetteville, AR; Mustard Seed Frey Family Foundation of Oakland, CA; River City Regiment of Sacramento, CA; Silver Point Assurance, Ltd., of Knoxville, TN; Skyward Resources of Honolulu, HI; Ward’s Inc., of Fairfax, VA; Community Revitalization Group of Hermosa Beach, CA; Curtilage, Inc., of Salt Lake City, UT; Heritage In- stitute Inc., of St. George, UT; Residential Revitalization Group of Hermosa Beach, CA; and the United Management Systems Inc., of Columbus, MA, qualify as organizations described in sections 501(c)(3) and 170(c)(2) of the Code. ADMINISTRATIVE T.D. 9480, page 439. REG–117501–09, page 442. Final, temporary, and proposed regulations under section 6654 oftheCoderelatetoreducedestimatedincometaxpayments for qualified individuals with small business income for any tax- able year beginning in 2009. Notice 2010–23, page 441. This notice provides FBAR filing relief for some persons with signature authority and who own commingled funds. Notice 2009–62 modified and supplemented. (Continued on the next page) Finding Lists begin on page ii. Announcement 2010–16, page 450. This announcement temporarily suspends, for persons who are not United States citizens, United States residents, or domes- tic entities, the requirement to file Form TD F 90–22.1, Report of Foreign Bank and Financial Accounts (FBAR), for the 2009 and earlier calendar years. Announcement 2009–51 supple- mented and superseded. March 15, 20102010–11 I.R.B. The IRS Mission Provide Americ a’s taxpayers top quality service by helping them understand an d meet their tax responsibilities and by applying the tax law with integrity and fairness to all. Introduction The Internal Revenue Bulletin is the authoritative instrument of the Commissioner of Internal Revenue for announcing official rulings and procedures of the Internal Revenue Service and for publishing Treasury Decisions, Executive Orders, Tax Conven- tions, legislation, court decisions, and other items of general interest. It is published weekly and may be obtained from the Superintendent of Documents on a subscription basis. Bulletin contents are compiled semiannually into Cumulative Bulletins, which are sold on a single-copy basis. It is the policy of the Service to publish in the Bulletin all sub- stantive rulings necessary to promote a uniform application of the tax laws, including all rulings that supersede, revoke, mod- ify, or amend any of those previously published in the Bulletin. All published rulings apply retroactively unless otherwise indi- cated. Procedures relating solely to matters of internal man- agement are not published; however, statements of internal practices and procedures that affect the rights and duties of taxpayers are published. Revenue rulings represent the conclusions of the Service on the application of the law to the pivotal facts stated in the revenue ruling. In those based on positions taken in rulings to taxpayers or technical advice to Service field offices, identifying details and information of a confidential nature are deleted to prevent unwarranted invasions of privacy and to comply with statutory requirements. Rulings and procedures reported in the Bulletin do not have the force and effect of Treasury Department Regulations, but they may be used as precedents. Unpublished rulings will not be relied on, used, or cited as precedents by Service personnel in the disposition of other cases. In applying published rulings and procedures, the effect of subsequent legislation, regulations, court decisions, rulings, and procedures must be considered, and Service personnel and others concerned are cautioned against reaching the same conclusions in other cases unless the facts and circumstances are substantially the same. The Bulletin is divided into four parts as follows: Part I.—19 86 Code. This part i ncludes rulings and decisions based on provisions of the Intern al Revenue Code of 1986. Part II.—Treaties and Tax Legislation. This part is divided into two subparts as follows: Subpart A, Tax Conventions and Other Related Items, and Subpart B, Leg- islation and Related Committee Reports. Part III.—Administrative, Procedural, and Miscellaneous. To the extent practicable, pertinent cross references to these subjects are contained in the other Parts and Subparts. Also included in this part are Bank Secrecy Act Administrative Rul- ings. Bank Secrecy Act Administrative Rulings are issued by the Department of the Treasury’s Office of the Assistant Secre- tary (Enforcement). Part IV .—Items of General Interest. This par t includes notices of proposed rulemakings, disbar- ment an d suspension lists, and announcements. The last Bulletin for each month includes a cumulative index for the matters published during the preceding months. These monthly indexes are cumulated on a semiannual basis, and are published in the last Bulletin of each semiannual period. The c ontents of this publication are not copyrighted and may be reprinted freely. A citation of the Internal Revenue Bulletin as the source would be appropriate. For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S.Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. 2010–11 I.R.B.March 15, 2010 March 15, 20102010–11 I.R.B. Part I. Rulings and Decisions Under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 Section 6654.—Failure By Individual to Pay Estimated Income Tax 26 CFR 1.6654–2: Exceptions to imposition of the addition to the tax in the case of individuals. T.D. 9480 DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY Internal Revenue Service 26 CFR Part 1 Reduced 2009 Estimated Income Tax Payments for Individuals with Small Business Income AGENCY: Internal Revenue Service (IRS), Treasury. ACTION: Final and temporary regula- tions. SUMMARY: This document contains final and temporary regulations under section 6654 of the Internal Revenue Code (Code) relating to reduced estimated income tax payments for qualified individuals with small business income for any taxable year beginning in 2009. The temporary regulations implement changes to section 6654 made by the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009. The temporary regulations provide guidance for qualified individuals with small business income to certify that they satisfy the statutory gross income requirement for purposes of the reduction in their required 2009 estimated income tax payments. The text of the tem- porary regulations serves as the text of the proposed regulations (REG–117501–09) set forth in the notice of proposed rule- making on this subject in this issue of the Bulletin. DATES:Effective Date:These regulations are effective on March 1, 2010. Applicability Date:These regulations apply for any taxable year beginning in 2009. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Adrienne Mikolashek, (202) 622–4940 (not a toll-free number). SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Background These temporary regulations contain amendments to the Income Tax Regu- lations (26 CFR part 1) under section 6654(d) of the Code relating to the ad- dition to tax for failure by an individual to pay estimated income tax. Section 6654(d)(1)(D) was added by section 1212 of Division B of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, Public Law 111–5 (123 Stat. 336 (2009)), effec- tive for taxable years beginning in 2009. Section 6654 imposes an addition to tax in the case of an individual taxpayer’s underpayment of estimated tax. Estimated tax is payable in four installments through- out the taxable year, and the amount of each required installment is generally 25 percent of the required annual pay- ment of estimated tax. Under section 6654(d)(1)(B), the required annual pay- ment is the lesser of (i) 90 percent of the tax shown on the income tax return for the taxable year (or, if no return is filed, 90 percent of the tax for the year) or (ii) 100 percent of the tax shown on the taxpayer’s return for the preceding taxable year (or 110 percent if the taxpayer’s adjusted gross income for the preceding taxable year exceeded $150,000). The provision allowing for the payment of 100 (or 110) percent of the tax shown on the taxpayer’s return for the preceding taxable year does not apply if the preceding taxable year was less than 12 months or if the taxpayer did not file a return for that year. Under section 6654(d)(1)(D), the appli- cable percentage of tax shown on the re- turn for the preceding taxable year (either 100 or 110 percent) is reduced to 90 per- cent for qualified individuals for taxable years beginning in 2009. In other words, for taxable years beginning in 2009, a qual- ified individual’s annual required payment of estimated tax is the lesser of (i) 90 per- cent of the tax shown on the return for the 2009 taxable year (or, if no return is filed, 90 percent of the tax for the year) or (ii) 90 percent of the tax shown on the indi- vidual’s return for taxable year 2008. Explanation of Provisions The temporary regulations explain who is a qualified individual under section 6654(d)(1)(D) and how a taxpayer es- tablishes that the taxpayer is a qualified individual. A qualified individual is any individual (1) whose adjusted gross in- come shown on the individual’s return for the preceding taxable year is less than $500,000 and (2) who certifies that more than 50 percent of the gross income shown on that return was income from a small business. See section 6654(d)(1)(D)(ii). If an individual is married, within the meaning of section 7703, and files a sep- arate return for a taxable year beginning in 2009, then to qualify, the individual’s adjusted gross income shown on the pre- ceding year’s return must be less than $250,000, rather than $500,000. See section 6654(d)(1)(D)(iv). Pursuant to section 6654(d)(1)(D)(ii)(II), the Secre- tary shall prescribe by regulation the form, manner, and time for filing a certification. Additionally, section 6654(m) authorizes the Secretary to prescribe regulations as necessary to carry out the purposes of sec- tion 6654. Income from a small business is defined in general terms in section 6654(d)(1)(D)(iii) as income from a trade or business the average number of em- ployees of which was less than 500 for calendar year 2008. The temporary reg- ulations specify that the trade or business must be abona fidetrade or business of which the individual was an owner. The temporary regulations provide that a trade or business may be organized as, or take the legal form of, a corporation, partner- ship, limited liability company, or sole proprietorship. The temporary regulations also provide that a qualified individual shall file a cer- tificationwiththeIRSinthemannerand at the time prescribed in forms, publica- tions, or other guidance, such as Form 2210, “Underpayment of Estimated Tax by Individuals, Estates, and Trusts”(orany successor form and its instructions). 2010–11 I.R.B.439March 15, 2010 The temporary regulations will be ap- plicable for taxableyears beginning in 2009. The reduced percentage in section 6654(d)(1)(D) is limited to taxable years beginning in 2009 and does not apply to taxable years beginning before or after 2009. Special Analyses It has been determined that this Trea- sury decision is not a significant regula- tory action as defined in Executive Or- der 12866. Therefore, a regulatory assess- ment is not required. For the applicability of the Regulatory Flexibility Act, see the cross-referenced notice of proposed rule- making published elsewhere in this issue of the Bulletin. Pursuant to section 7805(f) of the Code, this regulation has been sub- mitted to the Chief Counsel for Advocacy of the Small BusinessAdministration for comment on its impact on small business. Drafting Information The principal author of these regula- tions is Adrienne Mikolashek, Office of the Associate Chief Counsel, Procedure and Administration. ***** Amendments to the Regulations Accordingly, 26 CFR part 1 is amended as follows: PART 1—INCOME TAXES Paragraph 1. The authority citation for part 1 is amended by adding an entry in numerical order to read in part as follows: Authority: 26 U.S.C. 7805 * * * Par. 2. Section 1.6654–2 is amended by: 1. Revising paragraph (a) introductory text. 2. Redesignating paragraph (a)(1) as paragraph (a)(1)(i). 3. Adding new paragraphs (a)(1)(ii) and (f). The additions and revision read as fol- lows: §1.6654–2 Exceptions to imposition of the addition to the tax in the case of individuals. (a) [Reserved]. For further guidance, see §1.6654–2T(a). (1)(i) * * * (ii) [Reserved]. For further guidance, see §1.6654–2T(a)(1)(ii). ***** (f) [Reserved]. For further guidance, see §1.6654–2T(f). Par. 3. Section 1.6654–2T is added to read as follows: §1.6654–2T Exceptions to imposition of the addition to the tax in the case of individuals (temporary). (a)In general. The addition to the tax under section 6654 will not be imposed for any underpayment of any installment of estimated tax if, on or before the date pre- scribed for payment of the installment, the total amount of all payments of estimated tax made equals or exceeds the lesser of the amount in §1.6654–2(a)(1) or the amount in §1.6654–2(a)(2). (1)(i) [Reserved]. For further guidance, see §1.6654–2(a)(1)(i). (ii)Special rule for taxable years begin- ning in 2009. For any taxable year begin- ning in 2009, for a qualified individual, the amount described in §1.6654–2(a)(1)(i) is reduced to 90 percent of that amount. (A)Qualified individualmeans any individual whose adjusted gross income shown on the individual’s return for the preceding taxable year is less than $500,000 and who certifies, as prescribed in paragraph (a)(1)(ii)(D) of this section, that more than 50 percent of the gross income shown on the return for the pre- ceding taxable year was income from a small business. (B)Income from a small business means income from the operation of a bona fidetrade or business of which the individual was an owner during calendar year 2009, and that on average had fewer than 500 employees in calendar year 2008. (C) The trade or business may be orga- nized as, or take the legal form of, a corpo- ration, partnership, limited liability com- pany, or sole proprietorship. (D) A qualified individual shall file a certification of the individual’s qualifica- tion in the manner and at the time pre- scribed by the Internal Revenue Service in forms, publications, or other guidance. (a)(2) through (e) [Reserved]. For further guidance, see §1.6654–2(a)(2) through (e). (f)Effective/applicability date. Para- graph (a) of this section applies to any tax- able year beginning in 2009. (g)Expiration date. The applicability of paragraph (a) of this section expires on or before February 26, 2013. Steven T. Miller, Deputy Commissioner for Services and Enforcement. Approved February 18, 2010. Michael F. Mundaca, Acting Assistant Secretary oftheTreasury(TaxPolicy). (Filed by the Office of the Federal Register on February 26, 2010, 8:45 a.m., and published in the issue of the Federal Register for March 1, 2010, 75 F.R. 9101) March 15, 20104402010–11 I.R.B. Part III. Administrative, Procedural, and Miscellaneous FBAR Filing Requirements — Administrative Relief For Persons Having Signature AuthorityOver,ButNo Financial Interest In, A Foreign Financial Account, And For Persons With A Financial Interest In, Or Signature Authority Over, Certain Foreign Commingled Funds Notice 2010–23 This notice provides administrative re- lief to certain persons who may be re- quired to file Form TD F 90–22.1, Report of Foreign Bank and Financial Accounts (FBAR), for calendar year 2009 and ear- lier calendar years. On August 31, 2009, the Internal Rev- enue Service published Notice 2009–62, 2009–35 I.R.B. 260, which extended the filing deadline for (i) persons with no fi- nancial interest in a foreign financial ac- count but with signature or other authority over that account (hereinafter referred to as “signature authority”); and (ii) persons with a financial interest in, or signature authority over, a foreign financial account in which the assets are held in a commin- gled fund (hereinafter referred to as “for- eign commingled funds”). This extension was provided in order for the Treasury De- partment to have the time necessary to de- velop comprehensive FBAR guidance. To assist in the development of compre- hensive FBAR guidance, Notice 2009–62 also requested public comments regarding a person’s FBAR filing obligation, includ- ing (i) when a person with signature au- thority over, but no financial interest in, a foreign financial account should be re- lieved of filing an FBAR for that account; (ii) whether the exception from FBAR fil- ing available for officers and employees of banks and certain publicly-traded domes- tic companies should be expanded; (iii) when an interest in a foreign entity should be subject to FBAR reporting; and (iv) whether a United States person should be relieved from an FBAR filing requirement with respect to a foreign commingled fund in other circumstances, such as when filing would be duplicative of other reporting. Since the issuance of Notice 2009–62, and receipt of a significant number of pub- liccomments,theTreasury Department has published proposed FBAR regulations under 31 CFR Part 103, as well as pro- posed revisions that clarify instructions for the FBAR (Form TD F 90–22.1). To pro- vide taxpayers with guidance on who is required to file FBARs due on June 30, 2010, and in particular to provide imme- diate guidance to taxpayers on how to an- swer FBAR-related 2009 federal income tax return questions (e.g., Schedule B of Form 1040, the “Other Information” sec- tion of Form 1041, Schedule B of Form 1065, and Schedule N of Form 1120), the IRS and Treasury Department believe it is appropriate to provide the following ad- ministrative relief: 1. Signature Authority. Persons with signature authority over, but no financial interest in, a foreign fi- nancial account for which an FBAR would otherwise have been due on June 30, 2010, will now have until June 30, 2011, to report those foreign financial accounts. The deadline of June 30, 2011, applies to FBARs reporting foreign financial ac- counts over which the person has signature authority, but no financial interest, for the 2010 and prior calendar years. When completing an FBAR that is subject to the extension provided in this paragraph, persons must adhere to FBAR guidance in effect at the time the FBAR is filed. 2. Certain Foreign Commingled Funds. Persons with a financial interest in, or signature authority over, a foreign com- mingled fund that is a mutual fund are re- quired to file an FBAR unless another fil- ing exception, as provided in the FBAR in- structions or other relevant guidance, ap- plies. The IRS will not interpret the term “commingled fund” as applying to funds other than mutual funds with respect to FBARs for calendar year 2009 and prior years. Thus, the IRS has determined that it will not apply its enforcement authority adversely in the case of persons with a fi- nancial interest in, or signature authority over, any other foreign commingled fund with respect to that account for calendar year 2009 and earlier calendar years. A financial interest in, or signature authority over, a foreign hedge fund or private eq- uity fund is included in the administrative relief provided in the preceding sentence. 3. FBAR-Related Questions on Federal Tax Forms. Provided the taxpayer has no other re- portable foreign financial accounts for the year in question, a taxpayer who qualifies for the filing relief provided in this notice should check the “no” box in response to FBAR-related questions found on federal tax forms for 2009 and earlier years that ask about the existenceof a financial inter- est in, or signature authority over, a foreign financial account. EFFECT ON OTHER DOCUMENTS Notice 2009–62 is modified and supple- mented. The principal author of this notice is Mark E. Cottrell of the Office of Associate Chief Counsel (Procedure and Administra- tion). For further information regarding this notice, contact Emily M. Lesniak at (202) 622–4940 (not a toll-free call). 2010–11 I.R.B.441March 15, 2010 Part IV. Items o fGeneralInterest Notice of Prop osed Rulemaking by Cross-Refere nce to Temporary Re gulations Reduced 2009 Estimated Income Tax Pa yments for Individ uals with Small Business In come REG–117501 –09 AGENCY: In ternal Revenue Service (IRS), Tre asury. ACTION: No tice of proposed rulemaking by cross-r eference to temporary regula- tions. SUMMARY: I n this issue of the Bulletin, the IRS is i ssuing temporary regulations that prov ide guidance as to qualified indi- viduals w ith small business income who certify t hat they satisfy the gross income requirem ent for purposes of claiming a reductio n in their required 2009 estimated income t ax payments. The temporary reg- ulation s implement section 1212 of the America n Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, which amended section 6654(d) of the In ternal Revenue Code (Code) to provid e for reduced 2009 estimated in- come ta x payments for certain qualified indivi duals. The text of the temporary regula tions (T.D. 9480) also serves as the text of these proposed regulations. DATES: Written or electronic comments and re quests for a public hearing must be recei ved by June 1, 2010. ADDRE SSES: Send submissions to: CC:PA :LPD:PR(REG–117501–09), Room 5 203, Internal Revenue Service, P.O. B ox 7604, Ben Franklin Station, Wash ington, DC 20044. Submissions may be ha nd-delivered Monday through Friday betw een the hours of 8 a.m. and 4 p.m. to: C C:PA:LPD:PR (REG–117501–09), Cour ier’s Desk, Internal Revenue Ser- vice , 1111 Constitution Avenue, N.W., Was hington, DC, or sent electroni- cal ly via the Federal eRulemaking Por- tal athttp://www.regulations.gov/(IRS REG –117501–09). FOR FURTHER IN FORMATION CONTACT: Conc erning the proposed reg- ulations, Adr ienne Mikolashek at (202) 622–4940; con cerning submission of com- ments and a req uest for a public hearing, Regina Johns on at (202) 622–7180 (not toll-free nu mbers). SUPPLEMENTA RY INFORMATION: Background Temporary re gulations in this issue of the Bulletin amend the Income Tax Regu- lations (26 CFR part 1) relating to section 6654. Secti on 6654 imposes an addition to tax in the ca se of an individual taxpayer’s underpayme nt of estimated tax. The tem- porary regu lations provide guidance on re- duced esti mated income tax payments for qualified individuals with small business income for any taxable year beginning in 2009. The t ext of those regulations also serves as t he text of these proposed reg- ulations . The preamble to the temporary regulati ons explains the temporary regula- tions and these proposed regulations. Proposed Effective Date The regul ations, as proposed, apply to any taxab le year that begins in 2009 or af- ter the da te of publication of the Treasury decisio n adopting these rules as final reg- ulation sintheFederal Register. Special Analyses It has be en determined that this notice of propo sed rulemaking is not a significant regulat ory action as defined in Executive Order 1 2866. Therefore, a regulatory assess ment is not required. It also has been de termined that section 553(b) of the Admini strative Procedure Act (5 U.S.C. chapte r 5) does not apply to these reg- ulatio ns, and because the regulations do not im pose a collection of information on small entities, the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. chapter 6) does not apply. Pursu ant to section 7805(f) of the Code, these regulations have been submitted to th e Chief Counsel for Advocacy of the S mall Business Administration for comm ent on its impact on small business. Comments and R equests for a Public Hearing Before these proposed regulations are adopted as final regulations, consideration will be given to any written (a signed origi- nal and eight (8) copies)orelectroniccom- ments that are submitted timely to the IRS. The IRS and the Treasury Department re- quest comments on the substance of the proposed regulations, as well as on the clarity of the proposed rules and how they can be made easier to understand. All comments will be available for public in- spection and copying. A public hearing will be scheduled if requested in writing by any person that timely submits comments. If a public hearing is scheduled, notice of the date, time and place for the public hear- ing will be published in theFederal Reg- ister. Drafting Information The principal author of these proposed regulations is Adrienne Mikolashek, Of- fice of the Associate Chief Counsel, Pro- cedure and Administration. ***** Proposed Amendments to the Regulations Accordingly, 26 CFR part 1 is proposed to be amended as follows: PART 1 — INCOME TAXES Paragraph 1. The authority citation for part 1 continues to read in part as follows: Authority: 26 U.S.C. 7805 * * * Section1.6654–2alsoissuedunder 26 U.S.C. 6654(d) * * * Par. 2. Section 1.6654–2 is amended by revising paragraph (a) introductory text, and paragraphs (a)(1)(ii) and (f) to read as follows: §1.6654–2 Exceptionsto imposition of the addition to the tax in the case of individuals. (a) [ The text of the proposed amend- ment to §1.6654–2(a) is the same as the text of §1.6654–2T(a) published elsewhere in t his issue of the Bulletin]. (1)( i)*** March 15, 20104422010–11 I.R.B. (ii) [The text of the proposed amend- ment to §1.6654–2(a)(1)(ii) is the same as the text of §1.6654–2T(a)(1)(ii) published elsewhere in this issue of the Bulletin]. ***** (f) [The text of the proposed amend- ment to §1.6654–2(f) is the same as the text of §1.6654–2T(f) published elsewhere in this issue of the Bulletin]. Steven T. Miller, Deputy Commissioner for Services and Enforcement. (Filed by the Office of the Federal Register on February 26, 2010, 8:45 a.m., and published in the issue of the Federal Register for March 1, 2010, 75 F.R. 9141) Notice of Proposed Rulemaking Request for Information Regarding Lifetime Income Options for Participants and Beneficiaries in Retirement Plans REG–148681–09 AGENCIES:Employee Benefits Security Administration, Department of Labor; In- ternal Revenue Service, Department of the Treasury. ACTION:Request for information. SUMMARY:The Department of Labor and the Department of the Treasury (the “Agencies”) are currently reviewing the rules under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) and the plan qualification rules under the Inter- nal Revenue Code (Code) to determine whether, and, if so, how, the Agencies could or should enhance, by regulation or otherwise, the retirement security of participants in employer-sponsored retire- ment plans and in individual retirement arrangements (IRAs) by facilitating access to, and use of, lifetime income or other arrangements designed to provide a life- time stream of incomeafter retirement. The purpose of this notice is to solicit views, suggestions and comments from plan participants, employers and other plan sponsors, plan service providers, and members of the financial community, as well as the general public, on this impor- tant issue. DATES:Comments must be submitted on or before May 3, 2010. ADDRESSES:You may submit written comments to any of the addresses specified below. Any comment that is submitted to either Agency will be shared with the other Agency. Please do not submit duplicates. Department of Labor. Comments to the Department of Labor, identified by RIN 1210-AB33, by one of the following meth- ods: •FederaleRulemakingPortal: http://www.regulations.gov. Follow the instructions for submitting com- ments. •E-mail:e-ORI@dol.gov. Include RIN 1210-AB33 in the subject line of the message. •Mail: Office of Regulations and In- terpretations, Employee Benefits Se- curity Administration, Room N–5655, U.S. Department of Labor, 200 Consti- tution Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20210, Attention: Lifetime Income RFI. All submissions received must include the agency name and Regulation Identi- fier Number (RIN) for this rulemaking. Comments received will be posted without change tohttp://www.regulations.govand http://www.dol.gov/ebsa, and made avail- able for public inspection at the Public Dis- closure Room, N–1513, Employee Bene- fits Security Administration, 200 Constitu- tion Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20210, including any personal information pro- vided. Persons submitting comments elec- tronically are encouraged not to submit pa- per copies. Internal Revenue Service. Comments to the IRS, identified by REG–148681–09, by one of the following methods: •Mail:CC:PA:LPD:PR (REG–148681–09), Room 5205, Internal Revenue Service, P.O. Box 7604, Ben Franklin Station, Washing- ton, DC 20044. •Hand or courier delivery:Mon- day through Friday between the hours of 8 a.m. and 4 p.m. to: CC:PA:LPD:PR (REG–148681–09), Courier’s Desk, Internal Revenue Service, 1111 Constitution Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20224. •FederaleRulemakingPortal: http://www.regulations.gov.Follow the instructions for submitting com- ments (IRS REG–148681–09). All submissions to the IRS will be open to public inspection and copying in room 1621, 1111 Constitution Avenue, NW, Washington, DC from 9 a.m. to 4 p.m. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:StephanieL.WardorLuisa Grillo-Chope, Office of Regulations and Interpretations, Employee Benefits Se- curity Administration (EBSA), (202) 693–8500 or Peter J. Marks, Office of Di- vision Counsel/Associate Chief Counsel (Tax Exempt and Government Entities), Internal Revenue Service, Department of the Treasury, at (202) 622–6090. These are not toll-free numbers. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: A. Background The Agencies are issuing this request for information in furtherance of their ef- forts to promote retirement security for American workers. The Secretary of La- bor’s overarching vision for the work of the Department of Labor is to advance good jobs for everyone. Good jobs provide wages that support families, and rise with time and productivity. Good jobs also pro- vide safe and healthy working conditions. Finally, good jobs, no matter the type or income level, provide retirement security. Consistent with these objectives, the De- partment of the Treasury strives to promote economic growth, stability, and economic security, including retirement security, for American workers, and oversees the fed- eral tax expenditures for retirement sav- ings and security. Retirement security is provided to many workers through defined benefit pension plans sponsored by their employers. Em- ployers that sponsor defined benefit pen- sion plans are responsible for making con- tributions that are sufficient for funding the promised benefit, investing and managing plan assets (as fiduciaries), and bearing in- vestment risks because the employer, as plan sponsor, is required to make enough contributions to the plan to fund benefit payments during retirement. In addition, 2010–11 I.R.B.443March 15, 2010 when the defined benefit pension plan pays (or offers to pay) a lifetime annuity, it provides (or offers to provide) protection against the risk of outliving one’s assets in retirement (longevity risk). Department of Labor data, however, show a trend away from sponsorship of defined benefit plans, toward sponsor- ship of defined contribution plans. The number of active participants in defined benefit plans fell from about 27 million in 1975 to approximately 20 million in 2006, whereas the number of active participants in defined contribution plans increased from about 11 million in 1975 to 66 mil- lion in 2006. 1 While defined contribution plans have some strengths relative to defined bene- fit plans, participants in defined contri- bution plans bear the investment risk be- cause there is no promise by the employer as to the adequacy of the account bal- ance that will be available or the income stream that can be provided after retire- ment. Moreover, while defined benefit plans are generally required to make an- nuities available to participants at retire- ment, 401(k) and other defined contribu- tion plans typically make only lump sums available. Furthermore, many traditional defined benefit plans have converted to lump sum-based hybrid plans, such as cash balance or pension equity plans, and many others have simply added lump sum op- tions. Accordingly, with the continuing trend away from traditional defined ben- efit plans to 401(k) defined contribution plans and hybrid plans, including the as- sociated trend away from annuities toward lump sum distributions, employees are not only increasingly responsible for the ade- quacy of their savings at the time of retire- ment, but also for ensuring that their sav- ings last throughout their retirement years and, in many cases, the remaining lifetimes of their spouses and dependents. In recognition of the foregoing, the Agencies are considering whether it would be appropriate for them to take future steps to facilitate access to, and use of, lifetime income or other arrangements de- signed to provide a stream of income after retirement. This includes a review of ex- isting regulations and other guidance and consideration of whether any such steps would enhance the retirement security of participants in retirement plans, taking into account potential effects on and trade- offs involving other policy objectives. To that end, this request for information (RFI) sets forth a number of questions that are generally organized into categories under which the Agencies may be able to provide additional guidance if appro- priate. This RFI also includes a number of questions pertaining to the economic impact of rulemaking, and to impediments beyond the statutory requirements, if any. Commenters are not limited to these ques- tions and are invited to respond to all or any subset of the questions, but the Agen- cies request that commenters relate their responses to specific questions when pos- sible. Similar considerations arise when par- ticipants decide how to take retirement dis- tributions from an IRA (including an IRA that holds rollover distributions from qual- ified retirement plans). Further, partici- pants often elect to take lump sum dis- tributions where they are available from defined benefit plans, which may also be rolled over to an IRA. Commenters are en- couraged to address these contexts as well, identifying the particular types of arrange- ments to which their comments relate. All comments will be considered, and comments supported by references to em- pirical data will be particularly appreci- ated. In considering the questions set forth in this RFI, commenters are encouraged to take into account the following studies and commentary: 2009 GAO Report In July 2009, the Government Account- ability Office (GAO) published Report GAO–09–642 entitled, “Private Pensions: Alternative Approaches Could Address Retirement Risks Faced by Workers but Pose Trade-offs.” The GAO found that workers face a number of risks in both accumulating and preserving pension ben- efits. The GAO found, in relevant part, that: Workers that receive lump-sum distri- butions, in particular, face several risks related to how they withdraw, or ’draw down’ their benefits, including: •Longevity risk — retirees may draw down benefits too quickly and out- live their assets. Conversely, re- tirees may draw down their ben- efits too slowly, unnecessarily re- duce their consumption, and leave more wealth than intended when they die. •Investment risk — assets in which pension savings are invested may decline in value. •Inflation risk — inflation may di- minish the purchasing power of a retiree’s pension benefits. Commenters are encouraged to con- sider this GAO report in review- ing the issues identified in this RFI. This report may be accessed at www.gao.gov/new.items/d09642.pdf. 2007 GAO Report In November 2007, the GAO published Report GAO–08–8 entitled, “Private Pen- sions: Low Defined Contribution Plan Savings May Pose Challenges to Re- tirement Security, Especially for Many Low-Income Workers.” The GAO con- cluded that only 36 percent of workers participated in a current defined contribu- tion plan in 2004, with the total median ac- count balance (for workers with a current or former DC plan, including rolled-over retirement funds) of only $22,800. The median account balance was $50,000 for workers age 55 to 64 and $60,600 for those age 60 to 64. The report is rel- evant to this RFI because the need for lifetime income may be most acute among workers who have small but significant retirement savings balances. Commenters are encouraged to consider this GAO re- port in reviewing the issues identified in this RFI. This report may be accessed at www.gao.gov/new.items/d088.pdf. 2003 GAO Report In July 2003, the General Account- ing Office (GAO) published Report GAO–03–810 entitled, “Private Pensions: Participants Need Information on Risks They Face in Managing Pension Assets at and During Retirement.” The GAO con- cluded that: 1 The number of active participants in 1975 and 2006 are not directly comparable because of adjustments in the definition of a participant. Please see a detailed explanation of the adjustment in U.S. Department of Labor, Employee Benefits Security Administration, “Private Pension Plan Bulletin Historical Tables and Graphs,”February 2009, p. 1–9. See www.dol.gov/ebsa/pdf/1975–2006historicaltables.pdf. March 15, 20104442010–11 I.R.B. The decreasing number of em- ployer-sponsored pension plans that offer only life annuities at retirement and the increasing percentage of re- tiring participants who choose benefit payouts other than annuities suggest that, in the future, fewer retirees may receive pension income guaranteed to last throughout retirement. The growth in the number of DC plans, along with the increasing availability of lump sums from DB plans, means that retirees will face greater responsibility and choices for managing their pension and other assets at and throughout retirement. Depending on their choices, retirees could be at greater risk of outliving their pension and retirement savings plan assets or ultimately having insuffi- cient income to maintain their standard of living through their retirement years. Such risks underscore the need for providing enhanced information and education to participants about their available payout options, the issues they may face in managing retirement assets, and how different options may mitigate, or increase, these risks. As part of their responsibility, retirees will have to weigh certain pros and cons of different ways to manage and pre- serve pension assets. Currently, the notices that plan sponsors must furnish to retiring participants are not sufficient to help them choose payout options that suit their individual circumstances, while assuring adequate levels of such income to the extent possible. Our expert panel suggested that providing several types of information, such as on risks that could affect retirement income security, could help retiring participants make more informed de- cisions regarding how they balance income and expenditures during retire- ment. This report, which did not recommend executive branch action, nonetheless rec- ommended that the Congress may wish to consider amending ERISA to require plan sponsors to provide participants with a notice on risks that individuals face in managing their income and expenditures at and during retirement. Commenters are encouraged to consider this GAO re- port in reviewing the issues identified in this RFI. This report may be accessed at www.gao.gov/new.items/d03810.pdf. ERISA Advisory Council Reports In 2007, the ERISA Advisory Coun- cil’s Working Group on Financial Literacy of Plan Participants and the Role of the Employer undertook a study of numerous issues relating to increasing the financial decision-making skills of plan partici- pants. The Working Group issued a report containing, among others, the following recommendation: “The Working Group recommends that the Department of Labor expand the reach of [Interpretive Bul- letin 96–1] by changing and updating it. As innovation continues in the financial marketplace, educational initiatives will need to address items heretofore not nec- essarily addressed in 96–1. 96–1 needs to address information, education, and advice in the de-accumulation stage as well as the accumulation phase. Fur- ther, as innovation continues in this area, 96–1 needs to be continually updated.” Commenters are encouraged to consider this report in reviewing the issues iden- tified in this RFI. This report may be accessed atwww.dol.gov/ebsa/publica- tions/AC–1107a.html. In 2008, the ERISA Advisory Coun- cil’s Working Group on the Spend Down of Defined Contribution Assets at Retire- ment undertook a study on the types of guidance that could help plan sponsors and plan participants make better informed decisions regarding plan investment and insurance vehicles that provide periodic or lifetime distributions. The Working Group issued a report containing, in relevant part, the following recommendations: (1) expand the reach of Interpretive Bulletin 96–1 by adapting it to the spend down phase; (2) clarify that products which are eligible qualified default investment al- ternatives while participants are actively participating in the plan will continue to so qualify; (3) encourage, authorize, en- dorse and facilitate plan communications that use retirement income replacement formulas based on final pay and other rea- sonable assumptions in employee benefit statements on an individual participant basis; and (4) enhance plan sponsor and participant education by publishing and regularly updating information about the distribution options available to par- ticipants in defined contribution plans. Commenters are encouraged to consider this report in reviewing the issues iden- tified in this RFI. This report may be accessed atwww.dol.gov/ebsa/publica- tions/2008ACreport3.html. B. Request for Information The purpose of this notice is to so- licit views, suggestions and comments from plan participants, plan sponsors, plan service providers and members of the financial community, as well as the general public, to assist the Agencies in evaluating what steps,if any, they could or should take, by regulation or otherwise, to enhance the retirement security of partic- ipants in employer-sponsored retirement plans and IRAs by facilitating access to, and use of, lifetime income or other ar- rangements designed to provide a stream of lifetime income after retirement. To facilitate consideration of the issues, the Agencies have set forth below a number of matters and specific questions with respect to which views, suggestions, comments and information are requested. In addition to addressing any or all of the matters and questions referred to below, interested per- sons are encouraged to address any other matters they believe to be germane to the Agencies’ consideration of lifetime annu- ities and similar lifetime income issues, particularly as they relate to defined con- tribution plans and defined benefit plans that distribute benefits as lump sums. General 1. From the standpoint of plan partici- pants, what are the advantages and disad- vantages for participants of receiving some or all of their benefits in the form of life- time payments? 2. Currently the vast majority of indi- viduals who have the option of receiving a lump sum distribution or ad hoc peri- odic payments from their retirement plan or IRA choose to do so and do not select a lifetime income option. What explains thelowusagerateoflifetimeincomear- rangements? Is it the result of a market failure or other factors (e.g.,cost,com- plexity of products, adverse selection, poor decision-making by consumers, desire for flexibility to respond to unexpected finan- cial needs, counterparty risk of seller in- solvency, etc.)? Are there steps that the Agencies could or should take to overcome at least some of the concerns that keep 2010–11 I.R.B.445March 15, 2010 plan participants from requesting or elect- ing lifetime income? 3. What types of lifetime income are currently available to participants directly from plans (in-plan options), such as pay- ments from trust assets held under a de- fined benefit plan and annuity payments from insurance contracts held under a de- fined contribution or defined benefit plan? 4. To what extent are the lifetime in- come options referenced in question 3 provided at retirement or other termina- tion of employment as opposed to being offered incrementally during the accumu- lation phase, as contributions are made? How are such incremental or accumulat- ing annuity arrangements structured? 5. To what extent are 401(k) and other defined contribution plan sponsors using employer matching contributions or em- ployer nonelective contributions to fund lifetime income? To what extent are par- ticipants offered a choice regarding such use of employer contributions, including by default or otherwise? 6. What types of lifetime income or other arrangements designed to provide a stream of income after retirement are available to individuals who have already received distributions from their plans (out-of-plan options), such as IRA prod- ucts, and how are such arrangements being structured (fixed, inflation adjusted, or other variable, immediate or deferred, etc.)? Are there annuity products under which plan accumulations can be rolled over to an individual retirement annuity ofthesameissuertoretaintheannuity purchase rights that were available under the plan? 7. What product features have a sig- nificant impact on the cost of providing lifetime income or other arrangements de- signed to provide a stream of income af- ter retirement, suchas features that pro- vide participants with the option of life- time payments, while retaining the flexi- bility to accelerate distributions if needed? 8. What are the advantages and disad- vantages for participants of selecting life- time income payments through a plan (in- plan option) as opposed to outside a plan (e.g., after a distribution or rollover)? 9. What are the advantages and disad- vantages from the standpoint of the plan sponsor of providing an in-plan option for lifetime income as opposed to leaving to participants the task of securing a lifetime income vehicle after receiving a plan dis- tribution? 10. How commonly do plan sponsors offer participants the explicit choice of us- ing a portion of their account balances to purchase a lifetime annuity, while leaving the rest in the plan or taking it as a lump sum distribution or a series of ad hoc dis- tributions? Why do some plan sponsors make this partial annuity option available while others do not? Would expanded of- fering of such partial annuity options — or particular ways of presenting or framing such choices to participants — be desirable and would this likely make a difference in whether participants select a lifetime annu- ity option? 11. Various “behavioral” strategies for encouraging greater use of lifetime income have been implemented or sug- gested based on evidence or assumptions concerning common participant behavior patterns and motivations. These strategies have included the use of default or auto- matic arrangements (similar to automatic enrollment in 401(k) plans) and a focus on other ways in which choices are structured or presented to participants, including ef- forts to mitigate “all or nothing” choices by offering lifetime income on a partial, gradual, or trial basis and exploring dif- ferent ways to explain its advantages and disadvantages. To what extent are these or other behavioral strategies being used or viewed as promising means of encourag- ing more lifetime income? Can or should the 401(k) rules, other plan qualification rules, or ERISA rules be modified, or their application clarified, to facilitate the use of behavioral strategies in this context? 12. How should participants determine what portion (if any) of their account bal- ance to annuitize? Should that portion be based on basic or necessary expenses in re- tirement? 13. Should some form of lifetime in- come distribution option be required for defined contribution plans (in addition to money purchase pension plans)? If so, should that option be the default distri- bution option, and should it apply to the entire account balance? To what extent would such a requirement encourage or discourage plan sponsorship? 14. What are the impediments to plan sponsors’ including lifetime income op- tions in their plans,e.g.,401(k)orother qualification rules, other federal or state laws, cost, potential liability, concern about counterparty risk, complexity of products, lack of participant demand? 15. What are the advantages and disad- vantages of approaches that combine an- nuities with other products (reverse mort- gages, long term care insurance), and how prevalent are these combined products in the marketplace? 16. Are there differences across de- mographic groups (for example men vs. women) that should be considered and reflected in any retirement security pro- gram? Can adjustments for any differ- ences be made within existing statutory authority? Participant Education The Department of Labor issued Inter- pretive Bulletin 96–1 (29 CFR 2509.96–1) to clarify that the provision of investment education, as described in the Bulletin, will not be considered the provision of “invest- ment advice,” which would give rise to fiduciary status and potential liability un- der ERISA for plan participants’ and ben- eficiaries’ investment decisions. 17. What information (e.g.,fees,risks, etc.) do plan participants need to make in- formed decisions regarding whether to se- lect lifetime income or other arrangements designed to provide a stream of income after retirement? When and how (i.e.,in what form) should it be provided? What information currently is provided to partic- ipants, who typically provides it, and when and how is it provided to them? 18. Is there a need for guidance, reg- ulatory or otherwise, regarding the extent to which plan assets can be used to pay for providing information to help partici- pants make informed decisions regarding whether to select lifetime income or other arrangements designed to provide a stream of income after retirement, either via an in-plan or out-of plan option? 19. What specific legal concerns do plan sponsors have about educating partic- ipants as to the advantages and disadvan- tages of lifetime income or other arrange- ments designed to provide a stream of in- come after retirement? What actions, reg- ulatory or otherwise, could the Agencies take to address such concerns? 20. To what extent should plans be en- couraged to provide or promote education about the advantages and disadvantages of March 15, 20104462010–11 I.R.B. lifetime annuities or similar lifetime in- come products, and what guidance would be helpful to accomplish this? DisclosingtheIncomeStreamthatCan be Provided from an Account Balance ERISA section 105 requires defined contribution plans to furnish to each par- ticipant an individual benefit statement, at least annually, that includes the par- ticipant’s “accrued benefits,”i.e.,the individual’s account balance. 21. Should an individual benefit state- ment present the participant’s accrued ben- efits as a lifetime income stream of pay- ments in addition to presenting the benefits as an account balance? 22. If the answer to question 21 is yes, how should a lifetime stream of income payments be expressed on the benefit statement? For example, should payments be expressed as if they are to begin im- mediately or at specified retirement ages? Should benefit amounts be projected to a future retirement age based on the assump- tion of continued contributions? Should lifetimeincomepaymentsbeexpressedin the form of monthly or annual payments? Should lifetime income payments of a married participantbe expressed as a sin- gle-life annuity payable to the participant or a joint and survivor-type annuity, or both? 23. If the answer to question 21 is yes, what actuarial or other assumptions (e.g., mortality, interest, etc.) would be needed in order to state accrued benefits as a life- time stream of payments? If benefit pay- ments are to commence at some date in the future, what interest rates (e.g., deferred insurance annuity rates) and other assump- tions should be applied? Should an ex- pense load be reflected? Are there any au- thoritative tools or sources (online or oth- erwise) that plans should or could use for conversion purposes, or would the plan need to hire an actuary? Should caveats be required so that participants understand that lifetime income payments are merely estimates for illustrative purposes? Should the assumptions underlying the presenta- tion of accrued benefits as a lifetime in- come stream of payments be disclosed to participants? Should the assumptions used to convert accounts into a lifetime stream of income payments be dictated by regu- lation, or should the Department issue as- sumptions that plan sponsors could rely upon as safe harbors? 24. Should an individual benefit state- ment include an income replacement ra- tio (e.g., the percentage of working income an individual would need to maintain his or her pre-retirement standard of living)? If so, what methodology should be used to establish such a ratio, such as pre-re- tirement and post-retirement inflation as- sumptions, and what are the impediments for plans to present the ratio in a meaning- ful way to participants on an individual- ized basis? 401(k) and Other Plan Qualification Rules Income Tax Regulations that apply specifically to lifetime annuities include: 26 CFR 1.401(a)–11, 26 CFR 1.401(a)–20, 26 CFR 1.401(a)(9)–1 through 26 CFR 1.401(a)(9)–9, 26 CFR 1.417(a)(3)–1, and 26 CFR 1.417(e)–1. 25. How do the 401(k) or other plan qualification rules affect defined contribu- tion plan sponsors’ and participants’ inter- est in the offering and use of lifetime in- come? Are there changes to those rules that could or should be made to encourage lifetime income without prejudice to other important policy objectives? 26. Could or should any changes be made to the rules relating to qualified joint and survivor annuities and spousal con- sents to encourage the use of lifetime in- come without compromising spousal pro- tections? 27. Should further guidance clarify the application of the qualified joint and sur- vivor annuity rules or other plan qualifi- cation rules to arrangements in which de- ferred in-plan insurance annuities accumu- late over time with increasing plan contri- butions and earnings? 28. How do the required minimum distribution rules affect defined contribu- tion plan sponsors’ and participants’ inter- est in the offering and use of lifetime in- come? Are there changes to those rules that could or should be made to encourage lifetime income without prejudice to other important policy objectives? In particu- lar, how are deferred annuities that begin at an advanced age (sometimes referred to as longevity insurance) affected by these rules? Are there changes to the rules that could or should be considered to encour- age such arrangements? 29. Are employers that sponsor both defined benefit and defined contribution plans allowing participants to use their de- fined contribution plan lump sum payouts to “purchase” lifetime income from the de- fined benefit plan? Could or should any actions be taken to facilitate such arrange- ments? Should plans be encouraged to permit retirees who previously took lump sums to be given the option of rolling it back to their former employer’s plan in order to receive annuity or other lifetime benefits? Selection of Annuity Providers The Department of Labor’s regulation 29 CFR 2550.404a–4 contains a fiduciary safe harbor for the selection of annuity providers for the purpose of benefit distri- butions from defined contribution plans. 30. To what extent do fiduciaries currently use the safe harbor under 29 CFR 2550.404a–4 when selecting annuity providers for the purpose of making benefit distributions? 31. To what extent could or should the Department of Labor make changes to the safe harbor under 29 CFR 2550.404a–4 to increase its usage without compromising important participant protections? What are those changes and why should they be made? 32. To what extent could or should the safe harbor under 29 CFR 2550.404a–4 be extended beyond distribution annuities to cover other lifetime annuities or similar lifetime income products? To which prod- ucts should or could the safe harbor be ex- tended? ERISA Section 404(c) ERISA section 404(c) and 29 CFR 2550.404c–1 provide defined contribution plan fiduciaries with limited relief from the fiduciary responsibility provisions of ERISA where a participant or beneficiary exercises control over the assets in his or her account. 33. To what extent are fixed deferred lifetime annuities (i.e., incremental or accumulating annuity arrangements) or similar lifetime income products currently used as investment alternatives under ERISA 404(c) plans? Are they typically 2010–11 I.R.B.447March 15, 2010 used as core investment alternatives (alter- natives intended to satisfy the broad range of investments requirement in 29 CFR 2550.404c–1) or non-core investment al- ternatives? What are the advantages and disadvantages of such products to par- ticipants? What information typically is disclosed to the participant, in what form, and when? To what extent could or should the ERISA 404(c) regulation be amended to encourage use of these products? 34. To what extent do ERISA 404(c) plans currently provide lifetime income through variable annuity contracts or sim- ilar lifetime income products? What are the advantages and disadvantages of such products to participants? What informa- tion about the annuity feature typically is disclosed to the participant, in what form, and when? To what extent could or should the ERISA 404(c) regulation be amended to encourage use of these products? Qualified Default Investment Alternatives ERISA section 404(c)(5) provides that, for purposes of ERISA section 404(c)(1), a participant in a defined contribution plan will be treated as exercising control over the assets in his or her account with respect to the amount of contributions and earnings if, in the absence of an in- vestment election by the participant, such assets are invested by the plan in accor- dance with regulations of the Department of Labor. The Department of Labor’s regulation 29 CFR 2550.404c–5 describes the types of investment products that are qualified default investment alternatives under ERISA section 404(c)(5). 35. To what extent are plans using de- fault investment alternatives that include guarantees or similar lifetime income fea- tures ancillary to the investment fund, product or model portfolio, such as a target maturity fund product that contains a guar- antee of minimum lifetime income? What are the most common features currently in use? Are there actions, regulatory or otherwise, the Agencies could or should take to encourage use of these lifetime in- come features in connection with qualified default investment alternatives? Comments Regarding Economic Analysis, Regulatory Flexibility Act, and Paperwork Reduction Act Executive Order 12866 (EO 12866) requires an assessment of the anticipated costs and benefits of a significant rulemak- ing action and the alternatives considered, using the guidance provided by the Office of Management and Budget. In addition, the Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA) may require the preparation of an analysis of the economic impact on small entities of proposed rules and regulatory alternatives. For this purpose, the Agencies consider a small entity to be an employee benefit plan with fewer than 100 participants. The Pa- perwork Reduction Act (PRA) requires an estimate of how many “respondents” will be required to comply with any “collection of information” requirements contained in regulations and how much time and cost will be incurred as a result. The Agencies in this section of the RFI are requesting comments that may con- tribute to any analyses that may eventu- ally need to be performed under EO 12866, RFA, and PRA, both generally and with re- spect to specific areas identified in ques- tions 36 through 39. 36. What are the costs and benefits to a plan sponsor of offering lifetime annuities or similar lifetime income products as an in-plan option? Please quantify if possible. 37. Are there unique costs to small plans that impede their ability to offer life- time annuities or similar lifetime income products as an in-plan option to their par- ticipants? What special consideration, if any, is needed for these small entities? 38. Would making a lifetime annuity or other lifetime income product the default form of benefit payment have an impact on employee contribution rates? If so, in which direction and why? 39. For plans that offer lifetime annu- ities or similar lifetime income products, what percentage of eligible workers elect to annuitize at least some of their retire- ment assets and what percentage elect to annuitize all of their assets? March 15, 20104482010–11 I.R.B. Signed at Washington, D.C., this 27th day of January, 2010. Phyllis C. Borzi Assistant Secretary Employee Benefits Security Administration Department of Labor Signed at Washington, D.C., this 27th day of January, 2010. Nancy J. Marks Division Counsel/Associate Chief Counsel Tax Exempt and Government Entities Internal Revenue Service, Department of the Treasury Signed at Washington, D.C., this 26th day of January, 2010. J. Mark Iwry Senior Advisor to the Secretary Deputy Assistant Secretary for Retirement and Health Benefits Department of the Treasury (Filed by the Office of the Federal Register on February 1, 2 010, 8:45 a.m., and published in the issue of the Federal Register for February 2, 2010, 75 F.R. 5253) Deletions From Cumulative List of Organizations Contributions to Which are Deductible Under Section 170 of the Code Announcement 2010–14 The Internal Revenue Service has re- voked its determination that the organi- zations listed below qualify as organiza- tions described in sections 501(c)(3) and 170(c)(2) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986. Generally, the Service will not disallow deductions for contributions made to a listed organization on or before the date of announcement in the Internal Revenue Bulletin that an organization no longer qualifies. However, the Service is not precluded from disallowing a deduction for any contributions made after an or- ganization ceases to qualify under section 170(c)(2) if the organization has not timely filed a suit for declaratory judgment under section 7428 and if the contributor (1) had knowledge of the revocation of the ruling or determination letter, (2) was aware that such revocation was imminent, or (3) was in part responsible for or was aware of the activities or omissions of the organization that brought about this revocation. If on the other hand a suit for declara- tory judgment has been timely filed, con- tributions from individuals and organiza- tions described in section 170(c)(2) that are otherwise allowable will continue to be deductible. Protection under section 7428(c) would begin on March 15, 2010 and would end on the date the court first determines that the organization is not de- scribed in section 170(c)(2) as more partic- ularly set forth in section 7428(c)(1). For individual contributors, the maximum de- duction protected is $1,000, with a hus- band and wife treated as one contributor. 2010–11 I.R.B.449March 15, 2010 This benefit is not extended to any indi- vidual, in whole or in part, for the acts or omissions of the organization that were the basis for revocation. Nat Turner Legal Defense Garland, TX The Arab American Cultural and Educational Center Inc. Youngstown, OH Debt Counseling and Solutions, Inc. Metairie, LA Ezekiel’s House of Central Florida, Inc. Salem, IN Howell’s International, Inc. British West Indies Moore’s Burial Association Fayetteville, AR Mustard Seed Frey Family Foundation Oakland, CA River City Regiment Sacramento, CA Silver Point Assurance, Ltd. Knoxville, TN Skyward Resources Honolulu, HI Ward’s Inc. Fairfax, VA Community Revitalization Group Hermosa Beach, CA Curtilage, Inc. Salt Lake City, UT Heritage Institute Inc. St. George, UT Residential Revitalization Group Hermosa Beach, CA United Management Systems Inc. Columbus, MA FBAR Filing Requirements — Continuation Of Suspension Of FBAR Filing Requirements For Persons Who Are Not United States Citizens, United States Residents, Or Domestic Entities Announcement 2010–16 This announcement suspends, for per- sons who are not United States citizens, United States residents, or domestic enti- ties (corporations, partnerships, trusts, or estates), the requirement to file Form TD F 90–22.1, Report of Foreign Bank and Financial Accounts (FBAR), for the 2009 and earlier calendar years. In October 2008, the Internal Revenue Service published a revised FBAR form together with accompanying instructions that changed the definition of “United States person.” The IRS received numer- ous questions and comments from the public concerning the changed definition. In response, and to reduce the burden on the public, the IRS issued Announcement 2009–51, 2009–25 I.R.B. 1105, which directed people to refer to the definition of “United States person” in the July 2000 version of the FBAR instructions to deter- mine if they had a filing obligation. This effectively suspended the filing of FBARs due on June 30, 2009, by persons who were not United States citizens, United States residents, or domestic entities. Announcement 2009–51 stated that addi- tional FBAR guidance would be issued for subsequent filing years and invited public comments concerning the FBAR form and instructions. Since the issuance of Announcement 2009–51, and receipt ofa significant num- ber of public comments, the Treasury De- partment has published proposed FBAR regulations under 31 CFR Part 103, as well as proposed revisions that clarify instruc- tions for the FBAR (Form TD F 90–22.1). To provide taxpayers with guidance on whoisrequiredtofileFBARsdueon June 30, 2010, and in particular to provide immediate guidance to taxpayers on how to answer FBAR-related 2009 federal in- come tax return questions (e.g., Schedule B of Form 1040, the “Other Information” section of Form 1041, Schedule B of Form 1065, and Schedule N of Form 1120), the IRS and Treasury Department believe it is appropriate to provide the following administrative relief: The requirement to file an FBAR due on June 30, 2010, is suspended for persons who are not United States citizens, United States residents, or domestic entities. Ad- ditionally, all persons may rely on the def- inition of “United States person” found in the July 2000 version of the FBAR instruc- tions to determine if they have an FBAR filing obligation for the 2009 and earlier calendar years. The definition of “United States person” from the July 2000 version of the FBAR is: United States PersonThe term “United States person” means (1) a citi- zen or resident of the United States, (2) a domestic partnership, (3) a domestic corporation, or (4) a domestic estate or trust. This substitution of the definition of “United States person” applies only with respect to FBARs for the 2009 calendar year and, as originally provided in An- nouncement 2009–51, to earlier calendar years. All other requirements of the 2008 ver- sion of the FBAR form and instructions, as modified by Notice 2010–23, remain in effect until changed by subsequent guid- ance issued by the Treasury Department, including the IRS. EFFECT ON OTHER DOCUMENTS Announcement 2009–51 is supple- mented and superseded. The principal author of this announce- ment is Emily M. Lesniak of the Office of Associate Chief Counsel (Procedure and Administration). For further informa- tion regarding this announcement, contact Emily M. Lesniak at (202) 622–4940 (not a toll-free call). March 15, 20104502010–11 I.R.B. Definition of Terms Revenue rulings and revenue procedures (hereinafter referred to as “rulings”) that have an effect on previous rulings use the following defined terms to describe the ef- fect: Amplifieddescribes a situation where no change is being made in a prior pub- lished position, but the prior position is be- ingextendedtoapplytoavariationofthe fact situation set forth therein. Thus, if an earlier ruling held that a principle ap- plied to A, and the new ruling holds that the same principle also applies to B, the earlier ruling is amplified. (Compare withmodi- fied,below). Clarifiedis used in those instances where the language in a prior ruling is be- ing made clear because the language has caused, or may cause, some confusion. It is not used where a position in a prior ruling is being changed. Distinguisheddescribes a situation where a ruling mentions a previously pub- lished ruling and points out an essential difference between them. Modifiedis used where the substance of a previously published position is being changed. Thus, if a prior ruling held that a principle applied to A but not to B, and the new ruling holds that it applies to both A and B, the prior ruling is modified because it corrects a published position. (Compare withamplifiedandclarified, above). Obsoleteddescribes a previously pub- lished ruling that is not considered deter- minative with respect to future transac- tions. This term is most commonly used in a ruling that lists previously published rul- ings that are obsoleted because of changes in laws or regulations. A ruling may also be obsoleted because the substance has been included in regulations subsequently adopted. Revokeddescribes situations where the position in the previously published ruling is not correct and the correct position is beingstatedinanewruling. Supersededdescribes a situation where the new ruling does nothing more than re- state the substance and situation of a previ- ously published ruling (or rulings). Thus, the term is used to republish under the 1986 Code and regulations the same po- sition published under the 1939 Code and regulations. The term is also used when it is desired to republish in a single rul- ing a series of situations, names, etc., that were previously published over a period of time in separate rulings. If the new rul- ing does more than restate the substance of a prior ruling, a combination of terms is used. For example,modifiedandsu- persededdescribes a situation where the substance of a previously published ruling is being changed in part and is continued without change in part and it is desired to restate the valid portion of the previously published ruling in a new ruling that is self contained. In this case, the previously pub- lished ruling is first modified and then, as modified, is superseded. Supplementedis used in situations in which a list, such as a list of the names of countries, is published in a ruling and that list is expanded by adding further names in subsequent rulings. After the original rul- ing has been supplemented several times, a new ruling may be published that includes the list in the original ruling and the ad- ditions, and supersedes all prior rulings in the series. Suspendedis used in rare situations to show that the previous published rulings will not be applied pending some future action such as the issuance of new or amended regulations, the outcome of cases in litigation, or the outcome of a Service study. Abbreviations The fol lowing abbreviations in current use and for merly used will appear in material publis hedintheBulletin. A—Individual. Acq.—A cquiescence. B—Individual. BE—Beneficiary. BK—Bank . B.T.A.—Board of Tax Appeals. C—Individual. C.B.—Cu mulative Bulletin. CFR—Code of Federal Regulations. CI—City. COOP—Coo perative. Ct.D.—Court Decision. CY—County. D—Decede nt. DC—Dummy Corporation. DE—Donee. Del. Order —Delegation Order. DISC—Domestic International Sales Corporation. DR—Donor. E—Estate. EE—Employee. E.O.—Executive Order. ER—Emp loyer. ERISA—Employee Retirement Income Security Act. EX—Executor. F—Fiduc iary. FC—Foreign Country. FICA—Federal Insurance Contributions Act. FISC—Fo reign International Sales Company. FPH—Foreign Personal Holding Company. F.R.—Federal Register. FUTA—Fed eral Unemployment Tax Act. FX—Foreign corporation. G.C.M.—Chief Counsel’s Memorandum. GE—Grante e. GP—General Partner. GR—Grantor. IC—Insura nce Company. I.R.B.—Internal Revenue Bulletin. LE—Lessee. LP—Limited Partner. LR—Lessor. M—Minor. Nonacq.—No nacquiescence. O—Organization. P—Parent Corporation. PHC—Persona l Holding Company. PO—Possession of the U.S. PR—Partner. PRS—Pa rtnership. PTE—Prohibited Transaction Exemption. Pub. L.—Public Law. REIT—Re al Estate Investment Trust. Rev. Proc.—Revenue Procedure. Rev. Rul.—Revenue Ruling. S—Subsi diary. S.P.R.—Statement of Procedural Rules. Stat.—Statutes at Large. T—Target Corporation. T.C.—Tax Court. T.D.—Treasury Decision. TFE—Trans feree. TFR—Transferor. T.I.R.—Technical Information Release. TP—Taxpay er. TR—Trust. TT—Trustee. U.S.C.—Uni ted States Code. X—Corporation. Y—Corporation. Z—Corporat ion. 2010–11 I.R.B.iMarch 15, 2010 Numerical Finding List 1 Bulletins 2010–1 through 2010–11 Announcements: 2010-1, 2010-4 I.R.B.333 2010-2, 2010-2 I.R.B.271 2010-3, 2010-4 I.R.B.333 2010-4, 2010-5 I.R.B.384 2010-5, 2010-6 I.R.B.402 2010-6, 2010-6 I.R.B.402 2010-7, 2010-6 I.R.B.403 2010-8, 2010-7 I.R.B.408 2010-9, 2010-7 I.R.B.408 2010-10, 2010-7 I.R.B.410 2010-11, 2010-10 I.R.B.438 2010-12, 2010-7 I.R.B.410 2010-13, 2010-8 I.R.B.426 2010-14, 2010-11 I.R.B.449 2010-15, 2010-10 I.R.B.438 2010-16, 2010-11 I.R.B.450 Notices: 2010-1, 2010-2 I.R.B.251 2010-2, 2010-2 I.R.B.251 2010-3, 2010-2 I.R.B.253 2010-4, 2010-2 I.R.B.253 2010-5, 2010-2 I.R.B.256 2010-6, 2010-3 I.R.B.275 2010-7, 2010-3 I.R.B.296 2010-8, 2010-3 I.R.B.297 2010-9, 2010-3 I.R.B.298 2010-10, 2010-3 I.R.B.299 2010-11, 2010-4 I.R.B.326 2010-12, 2010-4 I.R.B.326 2010-13, 2010-4 I.R.B.327 2010-14, 2010-5 I.R.B.344 2010-15, 2010-6 I.R.B.390 2010-16, 2010-6 I.R.B.396 2010-19, 2010-7 I.R.B.404 2010-20, 2010-8 I.R.B.422 2010-22, 2010-10 I.R.B.435 2010-23, 2010-11 I.R.B.441 Proposed Regulations: REG-132232-08, 2010-6 I.R.B.401 REG-137036-08, 2010-6 I.R.B.398 REG-101896-09, 2010-5 I.R.B.347 REG-117501-09, 2010-11 I.R.B.442 REG-131028-09, 2010-4 I.R.B.332 REG-148681-09, 2010-13 I.R.B.443 Revenue Procedures: 2010-1, 2010-1 I.R.B.1 2010-2, 2010-1 I.R.B.90 2010-3, 2010-1 I.R.B.110 Revenue Procedures— Continued: 2010-4, 2010-1 I.R.B.122 2010-5, 2010-1 I.R.B.165 2010-6, 2010-1 I.R.B.193 2010-7, 2010-1 I.R.B.231 2010-8, 2010-1 I.R.B.234 2010-9, 2010-2 I.R.B.258 2010-10, 2010-3 I.R.B.300 2010-11, 2010-2 I.R.B.269 2010-12, 2010-3 I.R.B.302 2010-13, 2010-4 I.R.B.329 2010-15, 2010-7 I.R.B.404 2010-17, 2010-8 I.R.B.425 2010-18, 2010-9 I.R.B.451 Revenue Rulings: 2010-1, 2010-2 I.R.B.248 2010-2, 2010-3 I.R.B.272 2010-3, 2010-3 I.R.B.272 2010-4, 2010-4 I.R.B.309 2010-5, 2010-4 I.R.B.312 2010-6, 2010-6 I.R.B.387 2010-7, 2010-8 I.R.B.417 2010-8, 2010-10 I.R.B.432 Treasury Decisions: 9474, 2010-4 I.R.B.322 9475, 2010-4 I.R.B.304 9476, 2010-5 I.R.B.336 9477, 2010-6 I.R.B.385 9478, 2010-4 I.R.B.315 9480, 2010-11 I.R.B.439 1 A cumulative list of all revenue rulings, revenue procedures, Treasury decisions, etc., published in Internal Revenue Bulletins 2009–27 through 2009–52 is in Internal Revenue Bulletin 2009–52, dated December 28, 2009. March 15, 2010ii2010–11 I.R.B. Finding List of Current Actions on Previously Published Items 1 Bulletins 2010–1 through 2010–11 Announcements: 2009-51 Supplemented and superseded by Ann. 2010-16, 2010-11 I.R.B.450 2010-4 Corrected by Ann. 2010-10, 2010-7 I.R.B.410 Notices: 2005-88 Superseded by Notice 2010-13, 2010-4 I.R.B.327 2008-41 Modified by Notice 2010-7, 2010-3 I.R.B.296 2008-55 Modified by Notice 2010-3, 2010-2 I.R.B.253 2008-88 Modified by Notice 2010-7, 2010-3 I.R.B.296 2008-113 Modified by Notice 2010-6, 2010-3 I.R.B.275 2008-115 Modified by Notice 2010-6, 2010-3 I.R.B.275 2009-11 Amplified by Notice 2010-9, 2010-3 I.R.B.298 2009-13 Obsoleted by T.D. 9478, 2010-4 I.R.B.315 REG-131028-09, 2010-4 I.R.B.332 2009-38 Amplified and superseded by Notice 2010-2, 2010-2 I.R.B.251 2009-62 Modified and supplemented by Notice 2010-23, 2010-11 I.R.B.441 Proposed Regulations: REG-127270-06 Hearing scheduled by Ann. 2010-6, 2010-6 I.R.B.402 Revenue Procedures: 80-59 Modified and superseded by Rev. Proc. 2010-11, 2010-2 I.R.B.269 87-35 Obsoleted by Rev. Proc. 2010-3, 2010-1 I.R.B.110 2008-14 Updated by Rev. Proc. 2010-15, 2010-7 I.R.B.404 2009-1 Superseded by Rev. Proc. 2010-1, 2010-1 I.R.B.1 2009-2 Superseded by Rev. Proc. 2010-2, 2010-1 I.R.B.90 2009-3 Superseded by Rev. Proc. 2010-3, 2010-1 I.R.B.110 2009-4 Superseded by Rev. Proc. 2010-4, 2010-1 I.R.B.122 2009-5 Superseded by Rev. Proc. 2010-5, 2010-1 I.R.B.165 2009-6 Superseded by Rev. Proc. 2010-6, 2010-1 I.R.B.193 2009-7 Superseded by Rev. Proc. 2010-7, 2010-1 I.R.B.231 2009-8 Superseded by Rev. Proc. 2010-8, 2010-1 I.R.B.234 2009-9 Superseded by Rev. Proc. 2010-9, 2010-2 I.R.B.258 2009-15 Amplified and superseded by Rev. Proc. 2010-12, 2010-3 I.R.B.302 2009-25 Superseded by Rev. Proc. 2010-3, 2010-1 I.R.B.110 2009-55 Corrected by Ann. 2010-11, 2010-10 I.R.B.438 2010-1 Corrected by Ann. 2010-5, 2010-6 I.R.B.402 Revenue Rulings: 67-436 Obsoleted by REG-101896-09, 2010-5 I.R.B.347 92-19 Supplemented in part by Rev. Rul. 2010-7, 2010-8 I.R.B.417 2008-52 Supplemented and superseded by Rev. Rul. 2010-2, 2010-3 I.R.B.272 Treasury Decisions: 9443 Corrected by Ann. 2010-8, 2010-7 I.R.B.408 9458 Corrected by Ann. 2010-7, 2010-6 I.R.B.403 1 A cumulative list of current actions on previously published items in Internal Revenue Bulletins 2009–27 through 2009–52 is in Internal Revenue Bulletin 2009–52, dated December 28, 2009. 2010–11 I.R.B.iiiMarch 15, 2010 March 15, 20102010–11 I.R.B. 2010–11 I.R.B.March 15, 2010 March 15, 20102010–11 I.R.B. INTERNAL REVENUE BULLETIN The Introduction at the beginning of this issue describes the purpose and content of this publication. The weekly Internal Revenue Bulletin is sold on a yearly subscription basis by the Superintendent of Documents. Current subscribers are notified by the Superin- tendent of Documents when their subscriptions must be renewed. CUMULATIVE BULLETINS The contents of this weekly Bulletin are consolidated semiannually into a permanent, indexed, Cumulative Bulletin. These are sold on a single copy basis andare notincluded as part of the subscription to the Internal Revenue Bulletin. Subscribers to the weekly Bulletin are notified when copies of the Cumulative Bulletin are available. Certain issues of Cumulative Bulletins are out of print and are not available. Persons desiring available Cumulative Bulletins, which are listed on the reverse, may purchase them from the Superintendent of Documents. ACCESS THE INTERNAL REVENUE BULLETIN ON THE INTERNET You may view the Internal Revenue Bulletin on the Internet at www.irs.gov. Select Businesses. Under Businesses Topics, select More Topics. Then select Internal Revenue Bulletins. INTERNAL REVENUE BULLETINS ON CD-ROM Internal Revenue Bulletins are available annually as part ofPublication 1796 (Tax Products CD-ROM). The CD-ROM can be purchased from National Technical Information Service (NTIS) on the Internet at www.irs.gov/cdorders (discount for online orders) or by calling 1-877-233-6767. The first release is available in mid-December and the final release is available in late January. HOW TO ORDER Check the publications and/or subscription(s) desired on the reverse, complete the order blank, enclose the proper remittance, detach entire page, and mail to the Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954, Pittsburgh PA, 15250–7954. Please allow two to six weeks, plus mailing time, for delivery. WE WELCOME COMMENTS ABOUT THE INTERNAL REVENUE BULLETIN If you have comments concerning the format or production of the Internal Revenue Bulletin or suggestions for improving it, we would be pleased to hear from you. You can email us your suggestions or comments through the IRS Internet Home Page (www.irs.gov) or write to the IRS Bulletin Unit, SE:W:CAR:MP:T:T:SP, Washington, DC 20224. 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