us-uscis-policy-manual-volume-12-part-i-chapter-5•Chapter 5 - Application and Filing for Service Members (INA 328 and 329)
Chapter 5 - Application and Filing for Service Members (INA 328 and 329)
us-uscis-policy-manual-volume-12-part-i-chapter-5Chapter 5 - Application and Filing for Service Members (INA 328 and 329)Guidance
This section provides relevant information for applying for naturalization on the basis of military service.[1] Service members should file their applications in accordance with the instructions for the Application for Naturalization (Form N-400) and other required forms.
A. Required Forms
An alien service member filing for naturalization based on 1 year of honorable military service during peacetime[2] or honorable service during a designated period of hostility[3] must complete and submit all of the following to USCIS:
1. Application for Naturalization (Form N-400)
The alien should check the appropriate eligibility option on the Application for Naturalization to indicate the alien is applying on the basis of qualifying military service. The alien should file the application in accordance with the form instructions.
An alien who is serving or who has previously served, must have his or her service certified as honorable by his or her military branch. The alien service member is responsible for submitting to USCIS a complete and certified Request for Certification of Military or Naval Service (Form N-426) (if currently serving), or if not currently serving, a Certificate of Release or Discharge from Active Duty (DD Form 214), National Guard Report of Separation and Record of Service (NGB Form 22), or another official discharge document for all periods of service.[4]
USCIS Review
If an alien filing under a different eligibility provision for naturalization has served in the military, the officer should determine if the alien may be eligible under a qualifying military basis. If the alien may be eligible based on the military service, the officer should provide the applicant with the opportunity to seek naturalization on that basis.
If the alien would like to seek naturalization based on their military service but is ultimately determined not to be eligible on that basis, the officer must consider the alien’s eligibility under the original filing basis before issuing a decision. Regardless of the filing basis, USCIS must conduct a Defense Clearance Investigative Index (DCII) query on all aliens applying for naturalization, who currently serve or have served in the U.S. military.[5]
2. Documentation as a Current or Former Service Member of the U.S. Armed Forces
Request for Certification of Military or Naval Service (Form N-426)
Form N-426 confirms whether the alien is serving honorably in an active duty status or in the Selected Reserve of the Ready Reserve. The form may also record whether the alien has ever obtained a discharge or exemption from military service from the U.S. armed forces on the ground that the applicant is an alien. Only aliens who are currently serving and who are applying under INA 328 or INA 329 are required to submit the form. An alien applying under a different naturalization provision is not required to submit the form, even if the alien has prior military service.
The military must complete and certify (sign) the Form N-426 before it is submitted to USCIS. A military official who is authorized under U.S. Department of War (DOW) policy to certify the Form N-426 must certify that the service member is currently serving honorably. Recruiters cannot certify Form N-426. A certifying official must complete and sign the Form N-426 no more than 6 months before the applicant submits the Form N-400 to USCIS, except in cases where the applicant enlisted in the Selected Reserve of the Ready Reserve through the Military Accessions Vital to National Interest (MAVNI) program before October 13, 2017.[6]
An alien who is separated or discharged from the military at the time of filing Form N-400 is not required to submit Form N-426.
Discharge Documents
Aliens who are separated or discharged from the military must submit a photocopy of their Certificate of Release or Discharge from Active Duty (DD Form 214), National Guard Report of Separation and Record of Service (NGB Form 22), or other official discharge document for all periods of service.[7] The discharge document must list information on the type of separation and character of service. Such information is typically found on page “Member-4” of DD Form 214 or Block 24 of NGB Form 22.
Aliens who are class members of Calixto, et al., v. U.S. Dep’t of the Army, et al.[8] and are applying for military naturalization with a certified Form N-426 they obtained through the settlement agreement[9] may include a copy of the settlement agreement with their certified Form N-426 and Form N-400 and annotate "Calixto" at the top of both forms.[10]
B. Fee Exemptions
- USCIS charges no fees for filing an Application for Naturalization (Form N-400) or applications filed under INA 328 or INA 329.
- There is no fee for filing a Request for a Hearing on a Decision in Naturalization Proceedings (Form N-336) for aliens whose naturalization application filed under INA 328 or INA 329 has been denied.[11]
- There is no filing fee for current and former alien service members for an Application for Certificate of Citizenship (Form N-600).[12]
C. Filing Location and Initial Processing
Like all USCIS benefit requests, naturalization applications filed on the basis of military service should be filed in accordance with the form instructions.[13] For current members of the military and qualifying family members stationed outside of the United States, USCIS determines which field office has jurisdiction over the application.[14]
If an alien resides outside the United States, is no longer serving in the military, and is filing on the basis of military service during hostilities,[15] the USCIS office with jurisdiction over the naturalization application is determined by the alien’s last residence within the United States or Outlying Possession (OLP).[16]
An alien service member currently serving outside of the United States may complete all aspects of the naturalization process, including biometrics, interviews, and oath ceremonies while residing outside of the United States on official orders.[17] The alien service member may request overseas processing at any time of the naturalization process.
Footnotes
[^ 1] See INA 328 and INA 329.
[^ 4] For aliens applying under INA 328, qualifying service in the National Guard is limited to service in the National Guard during such time that the National Guard unit was federally recognized as a reserve component of the U.S. armed forces.
[^ 5] See Part I, Military Members and their Families, Chapter 6, Required Background Checks [12 USCIS-PM I.6].
[^ 6] See Nio, et al. v. United States Department of Homeland Security, et al., Civil Action No. 17-0998 (D.D.C. 2019).
[^ 7] For aliens applying under INA 328, qualifying service in the National Guard is limited to service in the National Guard during such time that the National Guard unit was federally recognized as a reserve component of the U.S. armed forces.
[^ 8] See Calixto, et al., v. U.S. Dep’t of the Army, et al., 1:18-cv-01551 (D.D.C. Sep. 22, 2022).
[^ 9] See Chapter 3, Military Service During Hostilities (INA 329), Section H, Military Accessions Vital to National Interest Program [12 USCIS-PM 3.H].
[^ 10] For aliens filing online, annotate "Calixto" only on top of Form N-426. Including this will assist USCIS in identifying class members and allow for more efficient processing.
[^ 11] See Fee Schedule (Form G-1055).
[^ 12] See Fee Schedule (Form G-1055).
[^ 13] See INA 328 and INA 329.
[^ 14] See the Overseas Processing webpage for additional information on where to file.
[^ 16] For aliens whose last residence was in an OLP, see the USCIS Field Office Locator to determine jurisdiction. For more information, see Chapter 3, Military Service during Hostilities (INA 329), Section I, Veterans Residing Outside of the United States [12 USCIS-PM I.3(I)]. See 8 U.S.C. 1443a.
[^ 17] See 8 U.S.C. 1443a.
Resources
8 CFR 316.5(b)(6) - Residence for certain spouses of military personnel
8 CFR 316.6 - Physical presence for certain spouses of military personnel
8 U.S.C. 1443a - Overseas naturalization for service members and their qualifying spouses and children
Appendices
Before October 29, 2019, USCIS considered children of members of the U.S. armed forces or U.S. government employees, who were stationed outside of the United States, to meet the requirement of “is residing in” the United States for the purpose of acquiring citizenship under INA 320.[1] This interpretation was consistent with the definition of “residence” for purposes of naturalization under INA 316.[2] Based on this treatment of U.S. government employees and their children in the context of naturalization under INA 316, USCIS determined that “residing in the United States” for purposes of acquisition of citizenship under INA 320 should likewise be interpreted to include children of U.S. military and government employees stationed outside of the United States who were residing with their parents.[3]
This interpretation, however, was inconsistent with other provisions of the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA), including the definition of “residence” at INA 101(a)(33) and language in INA 322(a) and INA 322(d), which suggested that the citizenship of military children residing outside of the United States should be considered under that provision rather than under INA 320. Effective October 29, 2019, USCIS amended its policy guidance to address these concerns, and determined that children of members of the U.S. armed forces or U.S. government employees stationed outside of the United States would not be eligible for citizenship acquisition under INA 320.[4]
On March 26, 2020, the Citizenship for Children of Military Members and Civil Servants Act was enacted,[5] amending INA 320, so that a child residing with his or her U.S. citizen parent, who is stationed outside of the United States as a member of the U.S. armed forces or a U.S. government employee, or is residing in marital union with a member of the U.S. armed forces or a U.S. government employee who is stationed outside of the United States, acquires citizenship under INA 320 if all requirements of INA 320(c) and INA 320(a)(1)-(2) are met. In line with the statute, USCIS rescinds its previous guidance, clarifying that these children are eligible to acquire citizenship under INA 320 if all other requirements under INA 320 are met.
The amendment to INA 320 applies to children who were under the age of 18 on March 26, 2020.
Footnotes
[^ 1] Even though the child of a member of the U.S. armed forces or U.S. government employee stationed outside of the United States may be eligible to apply for a Certificate of Citizenship under INA 322 since he or she resides outside of the United States, USCIS interpreted the child to meet residency requirements under INA 320 as well, which formerly required the child to be residing in the United States with his or her parent to acquire citizenship.
[^ 2] For example, U.S. government employees, including members of the U.S. armed forces, are eligible to apply for an exception to the continuous residence requirement for naturalization under INA 316 as long as their residency outside of the United States was on behalf of the U.S. government. See INA 316(b). See INA 316(a). See Part D, General Naturalization Requirements, Chapter 3, Continuous Residence [12 USCIS-PM D.3].
[^ 3] See Policy Manual Technical Update, Child Citizenship Act and Children of U.S. Government Employees Residing Abroad (July 20, 2015); and Acquisition of Citizenship by Children of U.S. Military and Government Employees Stationed Abroad under Section 320 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA), No. 103, issued May 6, 2004.
[^ 4] See USCIS Policy Alert, Defining “Residence” in Statutory Provisions Related to Citizenship [PA-2019-05]. This Policy Alert has been superseded by Policy Manual updates to reflect changes made under Pub. L. 116-133 (PDF).
[^ 5] See Pub. L. 116-133 (PDF) (March 26, 2020).
The table below provides some of the major legislative amendments that have aimed at assisting qualified military personnel and their eligible family members to become U.S. citizens or to acquire other immigration benefits, or both.
| Act of May 9, 1918 (40 Stat. 512) |
|
| Modifications of 1918 Act[2] |
|
| Second War Powers Act of March 27, 1942 (amending Nationality Act of 1940) |
|
| Legislation of December 7, 1942 (amending Nationality Act of 1940) |
|
| Act of June 1, 1948; Immigration and Nationality Act |
|
| Lodge Act, June 30, 1950 (64 Stat. 316) |
|
| Korean Hostilities; Act of June 30, 1953 (Pub. L. 86) |
|
| Vietnam Hostilities Act of October 24, 1968 (82 Stat. 1343) |
|
| Grenada 15 Executive Order 12582 (February 2, 1987)[3] |
|
| Naturalization of Natives of the Philippines (WWII Service), Sec. 405 of Pub. L. 101-649 |
|
| Hmong Veterans’ Naturalization Act of 2000 |
|
| National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2004 (Pub. L. 108-136) |
|
| National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2008 (Pub. L. 110-181) |
|
| Kendell Frederick Citizenship Assistance Act (KFCAA) (Pub. L. 110-251) |
|
| Military Personnel Citizenship Processing Act (MPCPA) (Pub. L. 110-382) |
|
Footnotes
[^ 1] See Application of Campbell, 5 F.2d 247 (E.D. Wash. 1925). See Op. Sol. of Labor, Jan, 1926, CO file 79/9.
[^ 2] See Acts of July 19 and November 6, 1919, May 26, 1926, March 4, 1929, May 25, 1932, June 24, 1935, August 23, 1937, June 21, 1939, December 7, 1942.
[^ 3] See Executive Order 12582, signed on February 2, 1987 (52 FR 3395, February 4, 1987). In consideration of Matter of Reyes, 910 F. 2d 611 (9th Cir. 1990), Executive Order 12582 was revoked by Executive Order 12913 (PDF), effective February 2, 1987, (59 FR 23115, May 4, 1994).
[^ 4] See Sec. 1703 of PL 108-136.
[^ 5] See Sec. 673 of PL 110-181.
Updates
U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) is issuing guidance in the USCIS Policy Manual to explain why uncharacterized discharges no longer meet the requirement of a separation “under honorable conditions” for former alien service members to naturalize under Sections 328 and 329 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA), and to explain changes in process for former alien service members who had been receiving naturalization interviews and oath ceremony services at land ports of entry.
12 USCIS-PM I.1 - Chapter 1 - Purpose and Background
12 USCIS-PM I.2 - Chapter 2 - One Year of Military Service during Peacetime (INA 328)
12 USCIS-PM I.3 - Chapter 3 - Military Service during Hostilities (INA 329)
12 USCIS-PM I.5 - Chapter 5 - Application and Filing for Service Members (INA 328 and 329)
This technical update replaces all instances of the term “noncitizen” with “alien” or other appropriate terms throughout the Policy Manual where possible, as used to refer to a person who meets the definition provided in INA 101(a)(3) [“any person not a citizen or national of the United States”], and makes other technical and conforming changes.
1 USCIS-PM - Volume 1 - General Policies and Procedures
2 USCIS-PM - Volume 2 - Nonimmigrants
3 USCIS-PM - Volume 3 - Humanitarian Protection and Parole
4 USCIS-PM - Volume 4 - Refugees and Asylees
5 USCIS-PM - Volume 5 - Adoptions
6 USCIS-PM - Volume 6 - Immigrants
7 USCIS-PM - Volume 7 - Adjustment of Status
8 USCIS-PM - Volume 8 - Admissibility
9 USCIS-PM - Volume 9 - Waivers and Other Forms of Relief
10 USCIS-PM - Volume 10 - Employment Authorization
U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) is issuing policy guidance in the USCIS Policy Manual to provide that only applicants for naturalization under Section 328 or Section 329 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) who are currently serving in the U.S. armed forces are required to file a Request for Certification of Military or Naval Service (Form N-426) along with their Application for Naturalization (Form N-400).
U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) is issuing policy guidance in the USCIS Policy Manual to update guidance regarding certain Military Accessions Vital to National Interest (MAVNI) naturalization applicants based on a settlement agreement in Calixto, et al., v. U.S. Dep’t of the Army, et al. (Calixto Agreement).
U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) is issuing policy guidance in the USCIS Policy Manual to provide clarifications regarding certain naturalization applications filed by current or former members of the U.S. armed forces under sections 328 and 329 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA).
12 USCIS-PM I.2 - Chapter 2 - One Year of Military Service during Peacetime (INA 328)
12 USCIS-PM I.3 - Chapter 3 - Military Service during Hostilities (INA 329)
12 USCIS-PM I.5 - Chapter 5 - Application and Filing for Service Members (INA 328 and 329)
12 USCIS-PM I.9 - Chapter 9 - Spouses, Children, and Surviving Family Benefits
U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) is issuing policy guidance in the USCIS Policy Manual to provide clarifications regarding certain naturalization applications filed by veterans of the U.S. armed forces under section 329 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA). These clarifications ensure eligible military veterans who served honorably during specifically designated periods of hostility and meet all other statutory requirements for naturalization are able to naturalize and become U.S. citizens in accordance with U.S. immigration laws.
This technical update replaces all instances of the term “alien” with “noncitizen” or other appropriate terms throughout the Policy Manual where possible, as used to refer to a person who meets the definition provided in INA 101(a)(3) [“any person not a citizen or national of the United States”].
1 USCIS-PM - Volume 1 - General Policies and Procedures
2 USCIS-PM - Volume 2 - Nonimmigrants
6 USCIS-PM - Volume 6 - Immigrants
7 USCIS-PM - Volume 7 - Adjustment of Status
8 USCIS-PM - Volume 8 - Admissibility
9 USCIS-PM - Volume 9 - Waivers and Other Forms of Relief
10 USCIS-PM - Volume 10 - Employment Authorization
U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) is updating policy guidance in the USCIS Policy Manual regarding residency requirements under Section 320 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA), as amended by the Citizenship for Children of Military Members and Civil Servants Act.
U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) is updating and incorporating relevant Adjudicator’s Field Manual (AFM) content into the USCIS Policy Manual. As that process is ongoing, USCIS has moved any remaining AFM content to its corresponding USCIS Policy Manual Part, in PDF format, until relevant AFM content has been properly incorporated into the USCIS Policy Manual. To the extent that a provision in the USCIS Policy Manual conflicts with remaining AFM content or Policy Memoranda, the updated information in the USCIS Policy Manual prevails. To find remaining AFM content, see the crosswalk between the AFM and the Policy Manual.
1 USCIS-PM - Volume 1 - General Policies and Procedures
2 USCIS-PM - Volume 2 - Nonimmigrants
3 USCIS-PM - Volume 3 - Humanitarian Protection and Parole
4 USCIS-PM - Volume 4 - Refugees and Asylees
5 USCIS-PM - Volume 5 - Adoptions
6 USCIS-PM - Volume 6 - Immigrants
7 USCIS-PM - Volume 7 - Adjustment of Status
8 USCIS-PM - Volume 8 - Admissibility
9 USCIS-PM - Volume 9 - Waivers and Other Forms of Relief
This technical update incorporates into Volume 12 the policy guidance that U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) announced August 28, 2019 addressing requirements for “residence” in statutory provisions related to citizenship. This guidance became effective October 29, 2019.
This technical update replaces all instances of the term “foreign national” with “alien” throughout the Policy Manual as used to refer to a person who meets the definition provided in INA 101(a)(3) [“any person not a citizen or national of the United States”].
1 USCIS-PM - Volume 1 - General Policies and Procedures
2 USCIS-PM - Volume 2 - Nonimmigrants
6 USCIS-PM - Volume 6 - Immigrants
7 USCIS-PM - Volume 7 - Adjustment of Status
8 USCIS-PM - Volume 8 - Admissibility
9 USCIS-PM - Volume 9 - Waivers and Other Forms of Relief
10 USCIS-PM - Volume 10 - Employment Authorization
U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) is issuing policy guidance in the USCIS Policy Manual to address requirements for “residence” in statutory provisions related to citizenship, and to rescind previous guidance regarding children of U.S. government employees and members of the U.S. armed forces employed or stationed outside the United States. This guidance becomes effective October 29, 2019.
USCIS is issuing updated and comprehensive citizenship and naturalization policy guidance in the new USCIS Policy Manual.
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