Question juridique clé
Whether the federal appeal was filed in time and in a valid form
Solution extraite
The court left the timeliness question open because the appeal was inadmissible for another reason; the emailed filing was invalid for lack of certified signature and the postal filing was likely late.
Motifs extraits
Electronic transmission without certified signature is not a valid filing; the decisive point was that the challenged rulings were incident orders requiring a showing of irreparable harm.