Question juridique clé
Whether the investigating judge had to be recused for allegedly delaying formal indictment and hearing the defendant only as a person providing information.
Solution extraite
The two-step approach was permissible; no unfair procedure or appearance of bias was shown.
Motifs extraits
Preliminary information hearings may be used to assess involvement. The dossier did not yet justify immediate formal charges, and no prejudicial disadvantage from the timing was demonstrated.