Question juridique clé
Whether the respondent intentionally participated in tax evasion for direct federal tax periods 1995-2000.
Solution extraite
Yes. The advisor's repeated accounting and filing conduct, together with tacit approval of unverified oral figures, amounted to intentional participation.
Motifs extraits
A participant is punishable only if intentional, but intent may be inferred when the person knew the information was incorrect or incomplete. The cantonal court arbitrarily minimized the respondent's role: as accountant, auditor, and tax agent he had to verify documents, not rely solely on oral statements. His repeated failures were acts vis-à-vis the tax authority, not mere negligence.