Question juridique clé
Whether the refusal of university admission based on the foreign qualification was lawful under the Lissabon Convention
Solution extraite
Art. IV.1 of the Lissabon Convention is directly applicable; the lower court used too strict a standard and must reassess whether a substantial difference exists in the individual case.
Motifs extraits
The Convention is designed around acceptance of foreign qualifications; the burden lies with the authority to show substantial differences. General equivalence is the rule, exceptions require a significant, case-specific difference.