Question juridique clé
Whether technical judge Peter Rigling had to recuse himself because his firm represented Migros France, a company linked to a party’s corporate group.
Solution extraite
Yes. The open mandate of the judge’s patent-law firm to Migros France, combined with the close corporate and economic connection to Denner via the Migros group, created an objective appearance of bias.
Motifs extraits
Art. 28 PatGG does not exhaust recusal law. Under Art. 30 BV and Art. 47 ZPO, the decisive question is objective appearance. A mandate to a related company can suffice when, in the concrete circumstances, the related entity has a meaningful interest in the proceedings and the corporate group is centrally involved.