Question juridique clé
Whether the contractual penalty under the 2001 amendment had to be reduced as excessive under Art. 163(3) OR
Solution extraite
The penalty was excessive, but only to the extent that CHF 170,000 remained payable.
Motifs extraits
The seller had breached core duties by withholding patient files, removing the database software, and insufficiently introducing patients to the buyer. However, the buyer’s own conduct and the absence of active poaching justified a substantial but not drastic reduction.