Question juridique clé
Whether the canton made a direct promise to pay the subcontractors for their work.
Solution extraite
No direct payment obligation could be inferred from the canton’s statements or conduct.
Motifs extraits
The subcontractors knew they were dealing contractually only with the general contractor. The July 1996 documents and later conduct, assessed objectively under the trust principle, did not amount to a surety-like promise or other enforceable direct undertaking.