Question juridique clé
Whether the 8 November 1988 sale, debt acknowledgment, and later succession waiver were simulated rather than reflecting the parties' real agreement.
Solution extraite
The appellant failed to prove a sham arrangement; the cantonal court rightly found that the acts corresponded to the parties' real intention and no simulation was established.
Motifs extraits
Simulation requires a common internal agreement not to produce the apparent legal effects. The cantonal findings showed a coherent family estate-planning arrangement, but not a disguised donation with usufruct. The evidence invoked by the appellant did not suffice to overturn those factual findings.