Question juridique clé
Whether W.L.________ had apparent or tolerated authority to bind the company in November 1999.
Solution extraite
No. The company did not create a sufficient outward manifestation of authority, and the lawyer could not rely on apparent authority in light of the registered collective-signature restriction.
Motifs extraits
In commercial matters, reliance on apparent authority is exceptional where the commercial register indicates a limitation. The company must itself have behaved so that a good-faith third party could infer an expanded power. No repeated toleration or other attributable conduct was shown.