Question juridique clé
Whether tax evasion fines imposed on the company and its owners are compensable damages against the tax adviser.
Solution extraite
No. Because the fines were imposed for the taxpayers' own culpable conduct, they are personal penalties and not civilly recoverable damages.
Motifs extraits
Tax fines are true punishments and, where imposed on the basis of the taxpayers' own intent or eventual intent, remain personal sanctions. Civil courts may not effectively review or reduce criminal-tax penalties through damages.