Question juridique clé
Whether the parties validly concluded a paid contract for planning/architectural work rather than mere negotiations
Solution extraite
Yes. The planning services were contractually owed and were not mere gratuitous pre-contractual efforts.
Motifs extraits
The defendant requested extensive planning and permit-related work. Under the principle of confidence, such substantial preparatory services are ordinarily understood as being rendered against remuneration; the case falls under the rules on contracts for work and labor/plan contracts.