Question juridique clé
Whether the Liechtenstein judgment dismissing the debtor's disallowance action was rendered by a competent court under the Swiss-Liechtenstein Convention.
Solution extraite
Yes. Competence under Art. 2(1)(1) of the Convention was satisfied because the defendant in the disallowance action had its seat in Vaduz when the action was filed.
Motifs extraits
The relevant 'commencement of proceedings' is the filing of the disallowance action, not the prior payment order. The Convention looks to the formal defendant's seat, and no exclusive Swiss jurisdiction for disallowance actions exists.