Question juridique clé
Whether the federal complaint was admissibly filed despite being sent by fax and lacking an original signature.
Solution extraite
No. A federal complaint must be filed by hand delivery, post, or electronically with a recognized electronic signature; fax is not an admissible filing method, and no signed paper version was submitted in time.
Motifs extraits
The Court held that the filing did not comply with the mandatory forms under Art. 48 para. 1 and Art. 42 para. 4 BGG, so the appeal was clearly inadmissible.