Question juridique clé
Whether the refusal to hear certain finance and BIT staff violated the right to be heard and related fair-trial guarantees.
Solution extraite
No violation: the evidence offer was properly rejected on the basis of a permissible anticipatory assessment of evidence and the defendant had an opportunity to comment in writing.
Motifs extraits
The court held that the challenged persons were not accomplices or co-defendants, and that there was a general experience rule that responsible federal employees would not approve suspicious invoices without contrary indications; a later recollection after years was unlikely.