Question juridique clé
Whether the cantonal judges and clerks had to recuse themselves because they warned of a possible reformatio in peius.
Solution extraite
No recusal ground arose from the summary warning of a possible worse outcome after preliminary assessment and hearing.
Motifs extraits
A reformatio in peius warning is a statutory procedural power and, as such, does not objectively suggest bias; otherwise the provision authorizing such warning would become inapplicable. The mere fact that the judges participated in the warning decision does not require recusal.