Sheng Shan Zhou v. WILLIAM P. BARR, Attorney General

NOT FOR PUBLICATION
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT
SHENG SHAN ZHOU,
Petitioner,
v.
WILLIAM P. BARR, Attorney General,
Respondent.
No. 15-72462
Agency No. A205-286-399
MEMORANDUM*
On Petition for Review of an Order of the
Board of Immigration Appeals
Submitted June 13, 2019**
Honolulu, Hawaii
Before: THOMAS, Chief Judge, and CALLAHAN and CHRISTEN, Circuit
Judges.
Petitioner Sheng Zhou, a native and citizen of China, petitions for review of
the Board of Immigration Appeals’ (BIA) dismissal of his appeal challenging the
immigration judge’s (IJ) denial of asylum and withholding of removal. We have
jurisdiction under 8 U.S.C. § 1252(a), and we deny the petition.
* This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.
** The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision
without oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2).
FILED
JUN 17 2019
MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
U.S. COURT OF APPEALS

-- 1 of 4 --

2
1. The BIA properly concluded that Zhou failed to establish extraordinary
circumstances to excuse his untimely asylum application. An asylum applicant
must file within one year of his arrival in the United States unless he shows
changed or extraordinary circumstances justifying a delay. 8 U.S.C. § 1158(a)(2).
To establish extraordinary circumstances, a petitioner must show (1) that the
circumstances were not intentionally created by the alien through his or her own
action or inaction, (2) that those circumstances were directly related to the alien's
failure to file the application within the 1–year period, and (3) that the delay was
reasonable under the circumstances. 8 C.F.R. § 1208.4(a)(5).
Zhou entered the United States on a nonimmigrant visa in 2007 and did not
file his asylum application until after he was arrested by DHS in 2012. Zhou
claims that the filing deadline should be tolled because he was in a “false
imprisonment situation” when he worked for Huasheng Company from 2007 to
2008, was threatened by his employer with negative consequences if he sought
asylum relief during that same time, did not speak English, did not drive, and, after
leaving Huasheng Company, also experienced threats from Chinese police to
confiscate his family home if he did not return to work for Huasheng. Zhou,
however, does not explain how these circumstances directly prevented him from
filing for asylum until 2012, four years after the expiration of his filing period. As
such, the agency’s pretermission of Zhou’s asylum application as untimely was

-- 2 of 4 --

3
proper.
2. Substantial evidence supports the agency’s adverse credibility
determination. Zhou’s applications are subject to the REAL ID Act, under which
“the IJ may base an adverse credibility determination on any relevant factor that,
considered in light of the totality of the circumstances, can reasonably be said to
have a ‘bearing on a petitioner's veracity.’ Conversely, ‘[t]rivial inconsistencies
that under the total circumstances have no bearing on a petitioner’s veracity should
not form the basis of an adverse credibility determination.’” Ren v. Holder, 648
F.3d 1079, 1084 (9th Cir. 2011) (quoting Shrestha v. Holder, 590 F.3d 1034, 1044
(9th Cir. 2010)). “Because credibility determinations are findings of fact by the IJ,
they are conclusive unless any reasonable adjudicator would be compelled to
conclude to the contrary.” Manes v. Sessions, 875 F.3d 1261, 1263 (9th Cir. 2017)
(per curiam) (internal quotation marks omitted).
Although the BIA discounted some of the IJ’s most trivial “perceived
discrepancies” as “not clearly supported by the record,” it also discussed and
properly relied upon “other numerous discrepancies that are supported by the
record and for which the respondent failed to provide explanations.” Specifically,
we agree that the discrepancies arising from the medical record proffered by Zhou
in support of his collarbone injury, and the significant omissions in Zhou’s wife’s

-- 3 of 4 --

4
statement, which Zhou failed to adequately explain when provided the opportunity,
constitute substantial evidence for the agency’s adverse credibility determination.
In view of the adverse credibility finding, Zhou failed to meet his burden of
establishing eligibility for either asylum or withholding of removal. See Shrestha,
590 F.3d at 1048.
PETITION DENIED.

-- 4 of 4 --