Jonathan Chernov v. Jolita Jonenaite.

NOTICE: Summary decisions issued by the Appeals Court pursuant to M.A.C. Rule
23.0, as appearing in 97 Mass. App. Ct. 1017 (2020) (formerly known as rule 1:28,
as amended by 73 Mass. App. Ct. 1001 [2009]), are primarily directed to the parties
and, therefore, may not fully address the facts of the case or the panel's
decisional rationale. Moreover, such decisions are not circulated to the entire
court and, therefore, represent only the views of the panel that decided the case.
A summary decision pursuant to rule 23.0 or rule 1:28 issued after February 25,
2008, may be cited for its persuasive value but, because of the limitations noted
above, not as binding precedent. See Chace v. Curran, 71 Mass. App. Ct. 258, 260
n.4 (2008).

COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS

APPEALS COURT

24-P-829

JONATHAN CHERNOV

vs.

JOLITA JONENAITE.

MEMORANDUM AND ORDER PURSUANT TO RULE 23.0

The plaintiff (husband) appeals from a divorce judgment of

the Probate and Family Court, as well as from the denial of his

motion for relief from that judgment. After review, we dismiss

the husband's appeal from the divorce judgment as untimely and

affirm the denial of the motion for relief from judgment.

1. Timeliness of appeal from judgment. The divorce

judgment entered on March 20, 2024. The husband filed and

served a motion for relief from judgment on April 4, 2024. 1

1The docket reflects a motion for relief from judgment
filed on April 4, 2024, followed by an affidavit in support of
motion for new trial filed on April 9, 2024. The motion for
relief from judgment does not appear in the appendix (although
the affidavit in support of motion for new trial does). We have
obtained the motion from the Probate and Family Court, and the
certificate of service reflects that it was served on April 4,
Because the motion was served more than ten days after the

divorce judgment, the service of the motion did not toll the

thirty-day period for filing an appeal. See Mass. R. A. P.

4 (a) (1), as appearing in 481 Mass. 1606 (2019) (notice of

appeal must be filed within thirty days of judgment); Mass.

R. A. P. 4 (a) (2) (C), as appearing in 481 Mass. 1606 (2019)

(motion for relief from judgment must be served within ten days

of judgment to toll period for filing appeal). As a result, the

husband's notice of appeal from the March 20, 2024 divorce

judgment, filed on May 24, 2024, was untimely.

The husband was alerted to this issue when the defendant

(wife) moved to dismiss the appeal as untimely. A single

justice of this court invited the husband to respond to the

allegation of untimeliness, including, by requesting that his

brief be deemed timely filed pursuant to Mass. R. A. P. 14 (b),

as appearing in 481 Mass. 1626 (2019). The husband did not

respond to the motion to dismiss and does not address the issue

on appeal. As our review of the record reveals that the notice

of appeal was not timely filed, the husband's appeal from the

2024. On appeal, the husband appears to reference the April 4,
2024 filing as a motion for new trial, rather than a motion for
relief from judgment. In any event, we review the motion by its
substance rather than by its label. See Colorio v. Marx, 72
Mass. App. Ct. 382, 385 (2008) (substance, rather than label
attached to motion, controls).

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divorce judgment is dismissed. See DeLucia v. Kfoury, 93 Mass.

App. Ct. 166, 170 (2018) (untimely appeal dismissed). 2

2. Motion for relief from judgment. In his motion and

affidavit, the husband contends that the divorce proceedings

were tainted by false criminal charges instigated by the wife

and that he is entitled to a new trial free of this taint. In

addition, the husband lists a series of trial errors, claiming

that the judge ignored documentary and testimonial evidence of

joint liabilities, improperly sanctioned the husband, preventing

him from introducing documentary evidence at trial, failed to

consider available evidence on factors required by G. L. c. 208,

§ 34, and failed to rule on a number of motions, thereby denying

the husband due process.

To determine whether the judge abused his discretion in

denying the husband's motion, we must review the trial record,

including the transcript of the trial, exhibits, motions, and

rulings thereon. See Sahin v. Sahin, 435 Mass. 396, 399 n.6

(2001) (ruling on motion for relief from judgment will not be

overturned absent abuse of discretion). It was the burden of

2 In any event, we note that the husband's appellate issues
stemming from the divorce judgment involve evidentiary issues
and require review of the record not provided, most pointedly,
the transcript of the trial. Thus, even if the appeal from the
divorce judgment had been timely, we would not be able to review
the issues. See Openshaw v. Openshaw, 493 Mass. 599, 611 n.21
(2024) (appellant has burden to provide adequate record for
review).

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the husband, as the appealing party, to provide an adequate

record for review. See Openshaw v. Openshaw, 493 Mass. 599, 611

n.21 (2024). Without any record support for the husband's claim

of error, the judge's ruling denying the motion for relief from

judgment must be affirmed.

Appeal from divorce judgment
dismissed as untimely.

Order denying motion for
relief from judgment
affirmed.

By the Court (Ditkoff,
Singh & Smyth, JJ. 3),

Clerk

Entered: June 2, 2025.

3 The panelists are listed in order of seniority.

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