Questione giuridica chiave
Whether the respondent had to provide security for party costs because the appellant was domiciled in Germany.
Decisione estratta
The request for security was moot because the respondent's costs had already arisen when the request was made.
Motivazione estratta
A security request no longer comes into question once the relevant costs have already been incurred; filing the response simultaneously with the request meant the costs had already arisen.