Questão jurídica principal
Whether the respondent had to provide security for party costs because the appellant was domiciled in Germany.
Decisão extraída
The request for security was moot because the respondent's costs had already arisen when the request was made.
Fundamentação extraída
A security request no longer comes into question once the relevant costs have already been incurred; filing the response simultaneously with the request meant the costs had already arisen.