Questão jurídica principal
Whether the check was deemed cashed, making the provisional credit to the collecting bank final and payable to R. AG.
Decisão extraída
No. In rationalized check processing, a check is not yet deemed cashed merely because the drawee bank debits the drawer's account and the clearing center posts a provisional credit; the collecting bank must at least have reliable knowledge of an unconditional debit or final credit.
Fundamentação extraída
The court held that the decisive point is the collecting bank's perspective under the collection mandate. A provisional clearing entry remains subject to later reversal, and the collecting bank may rely on the drawee bank's contrary notification within the relevant short period. No final collection occurred here because the bank had no reliable knowledge of an unconditional debit and the drawee bank negated payment in time.