Alpha Metallurgical Resources, Inc. v. Joshua Jenkins

IN THE INTERMEDIATE COURT OF APPEALS OF WEST VIRGINIA

FILED
ALPHA METALLURGICAL RESOURCES, INC., June 15, 2023
Employer Below, Petitioner EDYTHE NASH GAISER, CLERK
INTERMEDIATE COURT OF APPEALS
OF WEST VIRGINIA
vs.) No. 23-ICA-94 (JCN: 2022000289)

JOSHUA JENKINS,
Claimant Below, Respondent

MEMORANDUM DECISION

Petitioner Alpha Metallurgical Resources, Inc. (“Alpha”) appeals the February 9,
2023, order of the Workers’ Compensation Board of Review (“Board”). Respondent
Joshua Jenkins filed a timely response.1 Alpha did not file a reply. The issue on appeal is
whether the Board erred in reversing the claim administrator’s order, which denied a
reopening of the claim for temporary total disability (“TTD”) benefits.

This Court has jurisdiction over this appeal pursuant to West Virginia Code § 51-
11-4 (2022). After considering the parties’ arguments, the record on appeal, and the
applicable law, this Court finds no substantial question of law and no prejudicial error. For
these reasons, a memorandum decision affirming the Board’s order is appropriate under
Rule 21 of the Rules of Appellate Procedure.

On June 29, 2019, while employed as a fire boss for Alpha, Mr. Jenkins suffered a
workplace injury to his lower back when he removed a rock from a roadway. Mr. Jenkins
attempted to continue working despite his injury, but sought treatment on July 19, 2021,
when he was seen at MedExpress. Mr. Jenkins complained of lower back pain. Mr. Jenkins
returned to MedExpress on July 26, 2019, and reported that his back pain had improved.
Mr. Jenkins was found to be at maximum medical improvement and released to work with
no restrictions.

On July 27, 2021, the claim administrator issued an order holding the claim
compensable for lumbar sprain. The claim administrator issued an order dated August 30,
2021, closing the claim for temporary total disability (“TTD”) benefits.

1
Mr. Jenkins is represented by Reginald D. Henry, Esq., and Lori J. Withrow, Esq.
Alpha is represented by H. Dill Battle III, Esq.

1
Mr. Jenkins was seen by Rocky Sexton, D.C., on November 22, 2021. Mr. Jenkins
reported constant sharp pain in his left side, pain radiating into his left hip, and numbness.
The claim administrator issued an order dated December 2, 2021, approving treatment for
Mr. Jenkins’ lumbar spine by Dr. Sexton at Integrity Chiropractic. On December 9, 2021,
Mr. Jenkins returned to see Dr. Sexton, complaining of numbness in the left side of his
face, left arm, and back.

On December 20, 2021, Mr. Jenkins completed a Claim Reopening Application. Dr.
Sexton completed the physician’s portion of the application on December 22, 2021. Dr.
Sexton opined that Mr. Jenkins’ current low back pain with left leg pain, numbness, and
weakness and numbness in bilateral toes was related to the compensable injury. On January
6, 2022, the claim administrator issued an order holding reopening the claim for TTD
benefits pending the report of an independent medical evaluation.

Mr. Jenkins was seen by Prasadarao Mukkamala, M.D., on January 10, 2022, for an
independent medical evaluation. Mr. Jenkins reported that he had back pain and numbness
of the first and second toes on his left foot. Dr. Mukkamala opined that Mr. Jenkins
sustained a lumbar sprain from which he had reached maximum medical improvement
(“MMI”). Dr. Mukkamala further opined that the current chiropractic treatment should be
discontinued, as there was no indication that any additional such treatment was medically
necessary. Dr. Mukkamala averred that Mr. Jenkins could return to work with no
restrictions.

James Dauphin, M.D., issued a Physician Review report dated January 19, 2022.
Dr. Dauphin reviewed Mr. Jenkins’ medical records and the reports of Drs. Mukkamala
and Sexton. Dr. Dauphin noted that Dr. Mukkamala found Mr. Jenkins to be at MMI and
had recommended no further treatment. Dr. Dauphin further noted Mr. Jenkins’ gap in
treatment from July to November and opined that Mr. Jenkins’ symptoms were not related
to the compensable lumbar sprain, but rather to degenerative disc disease. On January 20,
2022, the claim administrator issued an order which denied reopening the claim for TTD
benefits and denied authorization for additional chiropractic treatment2 based on the report
of Dr. Dauphin. Mr. Jenkins was released to return to work with no restrictions on January
27, 2022, by Dr. Sexton.

On May 3, 2022, Mr. Jenkins was deposed. He testified that after his injury on June
29, 2021, he continued working, but tried to avoid heavy lifting. Mr. Jenkins stated he
returned to full duty on July 26, 2021, and his job included heavy labor and lifting. Mr.
Jenkins testified that he continued to have pain and numbness in his left leg, and he was
seen by Dr. Sexton for a second opinion. Mr. Jenkins was taken off work beginning
December 1, 2021, through January 27, 2022. He testified that he has not missed any

2
It is unclear from the record the date that the authorization for chiropractic
treatment was submitted by Dr. Sexton.
2
additional work due to ongoing symptoms from the compensable injury since returning to
work. Mr. Jenkins testified that during his time off work, he did not believe he could have
performed the heavy duties his job required.

Dr. Sexton issued a letter dated June 9, 2022, averring that the physical demands of
Mr. Jenkins employment complicated his recovery. Dr. Sexton opined that Mr. Jenkins was
temporarily disabled from December 1, 2021, through January 10, 2022.

On February 9, 2023, the Board issued an order which reversed the claim
administrator’s order, reopened Mr. Jenkins’ claim for TTD benefits from December 1,
2021, through January 10, 2022, and thereafter, as substantiated by proper medical
evidence, and authorized chiropractic treatment. Alpha now appeals the Board’s order.

Our standard of review is set forth in West Virginia Code § 23-5-12a(b) (2022), in
part, as follows:

The Intermediate Court of Appeals may affirm the order or decision of the
Workers’ Compensation Board of Review or remand the case for further
proceedings. It shall reverse, vacate, or modify the order or decision of the
Workers’ Compensation Board of Review, if the substantial rights of the
petitioner or petitioners have been prejudiced because the Board of Review’s
findings are:
(1) In violation of statutory provisions;
(2) In excess of the statutory authority or jurisdiction of the Board of Review;
(3) Made upon unlawful procedures;
(4) Affected by other error of law;
(5) Clearly wrong in view of the reliable, probative, and substantial evidence
on the whole record; or
(6) Arbitrary or capricious or characterized by abuse of discretion or clearly
unwarranted exercise of discretion.

Duff v. Kanawha Cnty. Comm’n, 247 W. Va. 550, __, 882 S.E.2d 916, 921 (Ct. App. 2022).

On appeal, Alpha argues that the Board improperly weighed the evidence, which
Alpha alleges proves that Mr. Jenkins reached MMI for the compensable diagnosis of a
simple soft tissue sprain of the lumbar spine. Alpha further argues that the reliable medical
evidence demonstrates that the reopening for TTD benefits and chiropractic treatment were
in reference to symptoms that are definitionally unrelated to a soft tissue sprain. We
disagree.

The Supreme Court of Appeals of West Virginia defined the standard to reopen a
claim as a “showing of a prima facie cause, which means nothing more than any evidence
which would tend to justify, but not compel, the inference that there has been a progression

3
or aggravation of the former injury.” Syl. Harper v. State Workmens’ Comp. Comm’r, 160
W. Va. 364, 234 S.E.2d 779 (1977).

Here, the Board found that Mr. Jenkins established an aggravation of his
compensable injury to justify the reopening of TTD benefits from December 1, 2021,
through January 10, 2022. The Board noted that no physician found Mr. Jenkins to be at
MMI prior to January 10, 2022. The Board further noted that Mr. Jenkins attempted to
return to work at his heavy labor job, and it found his testimony regarding his injury and
chiropractic treatment to be credible. The Board further found that Mr. Jenkins established
that the requested chiropractic treatment was reasonable and necessary treatment for his
compensable injury to reduce his back pain, muscle spasms, and reduce numbness.

Upon review, we conclude that the Board was not clearly wrong in finding that Mr.
Jenkins established an aggravation of his compensable injury after his return to work and
that he was temporarily and totally disabled from December 1, 2021, through January 10,
2022. Further, the Board did not err in finding that Mr. Jenkins established that the
requested chiropractic treatment was reasonable and necessary treatment for his
compensable injury.

Finding no error in the Board’s February 9, 2023, order, we affirm.

Affirmed.

ISSUED: June 15, 2023

CONCURRED IN BY:

Chief Judge Daniel W. Greear
Judge Thomas E. Scarr
Judge Charles O. Lorensen

4