The AI workspace for legal professionals

  • Legal research with access to more than 1 million sources
  • Document automation
  • Matter management
  • Hosted in the EU and Switzerland

Try it free for 14 days (10 questions/day during trial)

Try for freeBook a demo
Back to law

Annex 1

814.318.142.1OAPCFederal Council OrdinanceMar 1, 1986Original source

(Art. 3 para. 1)

General preventive emission limits

1 Scope

1The provisions of this Annex apply to the preventive limiting of emissions from stationary installations.

2They are without prejudice to the additional or different provisions applicable for:

  1. particular installations, as specified in Annex 2;
  2. combustion installations, as specified in Annex 3;
  3. 1 type-approval of combustion installations, as specified in Annex 4.

2 Definitions

21 Flue gases

Flue gases means waste air, flue gases and other air pollutants discharged by installations.

22 Emissions

Emissions are expressed in the following terms:

  1. Concentration:
    Mass of emitted substance in relation to the volume of flue gas (e.g. in milligrams per cubic metre [mg/m3]);
  2. Mass flow:

Mass of emitted substance per unit time (e.g. in grams per hour [g/h]);

c. Emission factor:

Ratio of the mass of emitted substance to the mass of the products generated or processed (e.g. in kilograms per tonne [kg/t]);

d. Emission ratio:

Ratio of the mass of an air polluting substance emitted to the mass of that substance supplied to the installation in fuels and feedstock (in % [m/m]);

e. Smoke number:

The degree of filter blackening caused by flue gases. The grey scale used to determine the Bacharach smoke number ranges from 0 to 9 in unit steps.

23 Reference value for emission concentrations

1The limit values expressed as concentrations and the oxygen contents given as reference values are based on the volume of flue gas under standard conditions (0 °C, 1013 mbar) after deduction of the moisture content (dry).

2The limit values expressed as emission concentrations are based on the amount of flue gas which is no more heavily diluted than is technically and operationally unavoidable.

3If oxygen content by volume is given as the reference value for an installation listed in Annexes 2–4, the measured emission concentrations are to be corrected to this reference value.

24 Rated thermal input

The rated thermal input is the maximum thermal energy that can be supplied to an installation per unit time. It is obtained by multiplying the fuel consumption of the installation by the lower calorific value of the fuel.

3 General provisions

31 Limitation of emissions

1The following emission limitation requirements apply: a. for dust: Number 4;

2Substances not listed in Numbers 5–8 shall be assigned to the substance classes which have comparable effects on the environment. Account shall be taken in particular of degradability and bio-accumulability, toxicity, the effects of decomposition processes and transformation products, and odour intensity.

  1. for inorganic substances in gaseous or vaporous form: Number 6;
  2. for organic substances in gaseous, vaporous or particulate form: Number 7;
  3. for carcinogens: Number 8.

2Substances not listed in Numbers 5–8 shall be assigned to the substance classes which have comparable effects on the environment. Account shall be taken in particular of degradability and bio-accumulability, toxicity, the effects of decomposition processes and transformation products, and odour intensity.

32 Limitation of emissions dependent on installation size

1If there is more than one emission source and if emission limitation requirements depend on the size of an installation (e.g. capacity or mass flow), the authorities shall determine which emission sources shall collectively be considered to constitute a single installation.

2Emission sources are generally to be considered as a single installation if they are situated in close proximity to each other and if their emissions:

  1. essentially contain the same or similar pollutants; or
  2. for inorganic substances, mainly in the form of dust: Number 5;

3Parts of an installation which only serve as back-ups in the event of malfunctions are not taken into account when determining the size of the installation.

4Emission limit values which depend on a certain mass flow shall only apply if:

  1. this mass flow is reached or exceeded for more than five hours per week; or
  2. can be reduced using the same technology.

4 Dust

41 Limit value for total dust

If the mass flow of dust is 0.20 kg/h or more, total dust emissions must not exceed 20 mg/m3.

42 Limitation of dust component emissions

The requirements specified in Numbers 5, 7 and 8 apply to the limitation of emissions of individual components of dust.

43 Measures relating to treatment, storage, trans-shipment and transport

1If significant dust emissions may occur in commercial or industrial facilities as a result of processes such as the conveyance, crushing, sorting or filling of dust-forming materials, the dust-containing flue gases must be captured and fed into a dust removal system.

2When dust-forming materials are stored or trans-shipped in the open, measures must be taken to prevent significant dust emissions.

3When dust-forming materials are transported, transport equipment must be used which prevents significant dust emissions.

4If traffic on factory roads may cause significant dust emissions, the roads must be kept free of dust.

5 Inorganic substances, mainly in the form of dust

51 Limit values

1The emission concentration of the substances listed in Number 52 must not exceed the following values: a. Class 1 substances at a mass flow of 1 g/h or more 0.2 mg/m3 b. double this mass flow is reached or exceeded for a shorter period. at a mass flow of 5 g/h or more 1 mg/m3 c. Class 3 substances at a mass flow of 25 g/h or more 5 mg/m3

2The limit values apply to the total mass of an emitted substance, including gaseous and vaporous components in the flue gas.

3If the flue gas contains several substances belonging to the same class, the limit value applies to the sum of these substances.

52 Table of inorganic substances, mainly in the form of dust
SubstanceExpressed asClass
Antimony1and its compoundsSb3
Arsenic1and its compounds, except arsineAs2
Chromium1and its compoundsCr3
Cobalt1and its compoundsCo2
Copperand its compoundsCu3
Cyanides2CN3
Fluorides2in dust formF3
Leadand its compoundsPb3
Manganeseand its compoundsMn3
Mercuryand its compoundsHg1
Nickel1and its compoundsNi2
Palladiumand its compoundsPd3
Platinumand its compoundsPt3
Rhodiumand its compoundsRh3
Silica dustin fine crystalline formSiO23
Seleniumand its compoundsSe2
Telluriumand its compoundsTe2
Thalliumand its compoundsTl1
Tinand its compoundsSn3
Vanadiumand its compoundsV3
1 If not listed as a carcinogenic compound under Number 8. 2 If readily soluble.

6 Inorganic substances in gaseous or vaporous form

61 Limit values

The emission concentration of any of the substances listed in Number 62 must not exceed the following values: a. For a Class 1 substance at a mass flow of 10 g/h or more 1 mg/m3 b. Class 2 substances at a mass flow of 50 g/h or more 5 mg/m3 c. For a Class 3 substance at a mass flow of 300 g/h or more 30 mg/m3 d. For a Class 4 substance at a mass flow of 2500 g/h or more 250 mg/m3

62 Table of inorganic substances in gaseous or vaporous form
SubstanceClass
Ammonia and ammonium compounds, expressed as ammonia3
Arsine1
Bromine and its gaseous or vaporous compounds, expressed as hydrogen bromide2
Chlorine2
Chlorine compounds, vaporous or gaseous inorganic chlorine compounds except cyanogen chloride and phosgene, expressed as hydrogen chloride3
Cyanogen chloride1
Fluorine and its vaporous or gaseous compounds, expressed as hydrogen fluoride2
Hydrogen cyanide2
Hydrogen phosphide1
Hydrogen sulphide2
Nitrogen oxides (nitrogen monoxide and nitrogen dioxide), expressed as nitrogen dioxide4
Phosgene1
Sulphur oxides (sulphur dioxide and sulphur trioxide), expressed as sulphur dioxide4

7 Organic substances in gaseous, vaporous or particulate form

71 Limit values

1The emission concentration of the substances listed in Number 72 must not exceed the following values: a. Class 1 substances at a mass flow of 0.1 kg/h or more 20 mg/m3 b. For a Class 2 substance at a mass flow of 2.0 kg/h or more 100 mg/m3 c. Class 3 substances at a mass flow of 3.0 kg/h or more 150 mg/m3

2Notwithstanding paragraph 1, the provisions on dust limitation specified in Number 41 apply to Class 2 and Class 3 organic substances in particulate form.

3If the flue gas contains several substances belonging to the same class, the limit value applies to the sum of these substances.

4If the flue gas contains substances of different classes, the sum of the substances at a total mass flow of 3.0 kg/h or more must not exceed the limit value of 150 mg/m3, in addition to the requirements specified in paragraphs 1 and 2.

5Emissions of substances for which there is good cause to believe that they are carcinogenic2and which are not listed as Class 1 substances in the Table under Number 72 must be controlled in accordance with paragraph 1 letter a.

6Emissions of substances which are classified as ozone depleting substances in Annex 1.4 of the Ordinance of 18 May 20053on Chemical Risk Reduction, but which are not listed as Class 1 substances in the Table under Number 72, must be controlled in accordance with paragraph 1 letter a. This is without prejudice to the provisions of Number 8.

72 Table of organic substances in gaseous, vaporous or particulate form
SubstanceMolecular formulaClass
AcetaldehydeC2H4O1
Acetic acidC2H4O242
Acetic acid butyl ester (see Butyl acetate)
Acetic acid ethyl ester (see Ethyl acetate)
Acetic acid methyl ester (see Methyl acetate)
Acetic acid vinyl ester (see Vinyl acetate)
Acetic ester (see Ethyl acetate)
AcetoneC3H6O3
Acrolein (see 2-Propenal)
Acrylic acidC3H4O21
Acrylic acid ethyl ester (see Ethyl acrylate)
Acrylic acid methyl ester (see Methyl acrylate)
Alkanes, except methane3
Alkenes, except 1,3-butadiene and ethene3
Alkyl alcohols3
Alkyl lead compounds1
AnilineC6H7N1
Benzoic acid methyl ester (see Methyl benzoate)
BiphenylC12H101
Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (see Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate)
BromomethaneCH3Br1
2-ButanoneC4H8O3
2-ButoxyethanolC6H14O22
Butyl acetateC6H12O23
Butyl glycol (see 2-Butoxyethanol)
ButyraldehydeC4H8O2
Carbon disulphideCS22
Carbon tetrachloride (see Tetrachloromethane)
CFCs, chlorofluorocarbons, fully halogenated, with up to 3 C atoms1
ChloroacetaldehydeC2H3ClO1
ChlorobenzeneC6H5Cl2
Chloroacetic acidC2H3ClO21
ChloroethaneC2H5Cl1
ChloromethaneCH3Cl1
Chloroform (see Trichloromethane)
2-Chloroprene (see 2-Chloro-1,3-butadiene)
2-ChloropropaneC3H7Cl2
CresolsC7H8O1
Cumene (see Isopropylbenzene)
CyclohexanoneC6H10O1
Diacetone alcohol (see 4-Hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone)
Dibutyl etherC8H18O3
1,2-DichlorobenzeneC6H4Cl21
1,1-DichloroethaneC2H4Cl22
1,1-DichloroetheneC2H2Cl21
1,2-DichloroetheneC2H2Cl23
DichloromethaneCH2Cl21
DichlorophenolsC6H4Cl2O1
Diethanolamine (see 2,2'-Iminodiethanol)
DiethylamineC4H11N1
Diethyl etherC4H10O3
Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalateC24H38O42
Diisopropyl etherC6H14O3
Diisobutyl ketone (see 2,6-Dimethyl-4-heptanone)
DimethylamineC2H7N1
Dimethyl etherC2H6O3
N,N-DimethylformamideC3H7NO2
2,6-Dimethyl-4-heptanoneC9H18O2
Dioctyl phthalate (see Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate)
1,4-DioxaneC4H8O21
Diphenyl (see Biphenyl)
Ethanol (see Alkyl alcohols)
EtheneC2H41
Ether (see Diethyl ether)
2-EthoxyethanolC4H10O22
Ethyl acetateC4H8O23
Ethyl acrylateC5H8O21
EthylamineC2H7N1
EthylbenzeneC8H102
Ethyl chloride (see Chloroethane)
Ethylene glycolC2H6O23
Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (see 2-Butoxyethanol)
Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether (see 2-Ethoxyethanol)
Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether (see 2-Methoxyethanol)
Ethyl glycol (see 2-Ethoxyethanol)
Ethyl methyl ketone (see 2-Butanone)
FormaldehydeCH2O1
Formic acidCH2O21
Formic acid dimethyl amide (see N,N-Dimethylformamide)
Formic acid methyl ester (see Methyl formate)
2-FuraldehydeC5H4O21
Furfural (see 2-Furaldehyde)
Furfuryl alcoholC5H6O22
Glycol (see Ethylene glycol)
Halons, bromofluorocarbons, fully halogenated, with up to 3 C atoms1
HBFCs, hydrobromofluorocarbons, partially halogenated, with up to 3 C atoms1
HCFCs, hydrochlorofluorocarbons, partially halogenated, with up to 3 C atoms1
4-Hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanoneC6H12O23
2,2'-IminodiethanolC4H11NO22
IsopropenylbenzeneC9H102
IsopropylbenzeneC9H122
Maleic anhydrideC4H2O31
Mercaptans (see Thiols)
Methacrylic acid methyl ester (see Methyl methacrylate)
Methanol (see Alkyl alcohols)
2-MethoxyethanolC3H8O22
Methyl acetateC3H6O22
Methyl acrylateC4H6O21
MethylamineCH5N1
Methyl benzoateC8H8O23
Methyl chloride (see Chloromethane)
Methyl chloroform (see 1,1,1,-Trichloroethane)
MethylcyclohexanoneC7H12O2
Methylene chloride (see Dichloromethane)
Methyl ethyl ketone (see 2-Butanone)
Methyl formateC2H4O22
Methyl glycol (see 2-Methoxyethanol)
Methyl isobutyl ketone (see 4-Methyl-2-pentanone)
Methyl methacrylateC5H8O22
4-Methyl-2-pentanoneC6H12O3
4-Methyl-m-phenylene diisocyanateC9H6N2O21
N-Methyl pyrrolidoneC5H9NO3
NaphthaleneC10H81
NitrobenzeneC6H5NO21
NitrocresolsC7H7NO31
NitrophenolsC6H5NO31
Nitrotoluenes*,* except 2-nitrotolueneC7H7NO21
Olefin hydrocarbons (see Alkenes)3
Paraffin hydrocarbons (see Alkanes)3
Perchloroethylene (see Tetrachloroethylene)
PhenolC6H6O1
Phthalic acid dioctyl ester (see Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate)
PinenesC10H163
2-PropenalC3H4O1
PropionaldehydeC3H6O2
Propionic acidC3H6O22
PyridineC5H5N1
StyreneC8H82
1,1,2,2-TetrachloroethaneC2H2Cl41
TetrachloroethyleneC2Cl41
TetrachloromethaneCCl41
TetrahydrofuranC4H8O2
Thiols1
Thioether1
TolueneC7H82
Toluene diisocyanate (see 4-Methyl-m-phenylene diisocyanate)
Tolylene-2,4-diisocyanate (see 4-Methyl-m-phenylene diisocyanate)
1,1,1-TrichloroethaneC2H3Cl31
1,1,2-TrichloroethaneC2H3Cl31
TrichloromethaneCHCl31
TrichlorophenolsC6H3OCl31
TriethylamineC6H15N1
TrimethylbenzenesC9H122
Vinyl acetateC4H6O21
Wood dust, respirable (except beech and oak wood dust)1
Xylenols, except 2,4-xylenolC8H10O1
2,4-XylenolC8H10O2
XylenesC8H102

8 Carcinogens

81 Definition

Carcinogens means those substances that are designated as carcinogenic (C) in the list of limit values for exposure at the workplace4published by the Swiss Accident Insurance Fund (SUVA).

82 Limitation of emissions

1Irrespective of the risk of carcinogen exposure, emissions of carcinogens shall be limited as far as is technically and operationally feasible and economically acceptable.

2Emissions of the carcinogens listed in Number 83 shall be limited at least to such an extent that emission concentrations do not exceed the following values: a. Class 1 substances at a mass flow of 0.5 g/h or more 0.1 mg/m3 b. Class 2 substances at a mass flow of 5 g/h or more 1 mg/m3 c. Class 3 substances at a mass flow of 25 g/h or more 5 mg/m3

3If the flue gas contains several substances belonging to the same class, the limitation requirements specified in paragraph 2 apply to the sum of these substances.

83 Table of carcinogens
SubstanceMolecular formulaClass
AcrylonitrileC3H3N3
Antimony trioxide (in respirable form), expressed as SbSb2
Arsenic trioxide and arsenic pentoxide, arsenious acid and its salts, arsenic acid and its salts (in respirable form), expressed as AsAs2
Asbestos (chrysotile, crocidolite, amosite, anthophyllite, actinolite, tremolite) in the form of fine dust1
Beech wood dust, respirable3
BenzeneC6H63
Benzo[a]pyreneC20H121
Beryllium and its compounds in respirable form, expressed as BeBe1
BromomethaneC2H5Br3
1,3-ButadieneC4H63
Cadmium and its compounds cadmium chloride, cadmium oxide, cadmium sulphate, cadmium sulphide, and other bioavailable compounds (in respirable form), expressed as CdCd1
2-Chloro-1,3-butadieneC4H5Cl3
1-Chloro-2,3-epoxypropaneC3H5ClO3
α-ChlorotolueneC7H7Cl3
α-Chlorotoluenes; mixtures of -chlorotoluene, α, α‑dichlorotoluene, α, α, α-trichlorotoluene and benzyl chloride3
Chromium(VI) compounds (in respirable form) as calcium chromate, chromium(III) chromate, strontium chromate and zinc chromate, expressed as CrCr2
Cobalt (in the form of respirable dusts or aerosols of cobalt metal and poorly soluble cobalt salts), expressed as CoCo2
Dibenzo(a,h)anthraceneC22H141
1,2-DibromoethaneC2H4Br23
1,4-DichlorobenzeneC6H4Cl23
3,3’-DichlorobenzidineC12H10N2Cl22
1,2-DichloroethaneC2H4Cl23
Diesel soot3
Diethyl sulphateC4H10O4S2
Dimethyl sulphateC2H6O4S2
Epichlorohydrin (see 1-Chloro-2,3-epoxypropane)
1,2-EpoxypropaneC3H6O3
Ethylene imineC2H5N2
Ethylene oxideC2H4O3
HydrazineH4N23
2-NaphthylamineC10H9N1
Nickel (in the form of respirable dusts or aerosols of nickel metal, nickel sulphide and sulphide ores, nickel oxide and nickel carbonate, nickel tetracarbonyl), expressed as NiNi2
2-NitrotolueneC7H7NO23
Oak wood dust, respirable3
o-ToluidineC7H9N3
TrichlorethyleneC2HCl33
Vinyl chlorideC2H3Cl3
N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidoneC6H9NO3

Footnotes

  1. As a result of the amendment to Annex 4 this let. is obsolete (AS 2021 632). ↩

  2. Substances for which there is good cause to believe that they are carcinogenic means in particular those substances contained in Section III of the «List of MAK and BAT Values» (Maximum Concentrations and Biological Tolerance Values at the Workplace) issued by the German Research Foundation (DFG). Available from: VCH Verlags-AG, Postfach, CH‑4020 Basel. ↩

  3. SR 814.81 ↩

  4. List of limit values for exposure at the workplace, available from: Schweizerische Unfallversicherungsanstalt SUVA, Postfach, 6002 Luzern. ↩

0 commentaries

No commentaries are available for this article yet.

Continue your research in ChatGPT or Claude

Connect Omnilex to search the legal corpus from your AI assistant.